颈动脉超声在缺血性脑血管病中的应用价值

目的　评价颈动脉超声在缺血性脑血管病中的应用价值。方法　对 2 35例缺血性脑血管病患者及非脑血管病患者 (对照组 ) 75例行颈动脉超声检查 ,观察颈动脉粥样硬化程度。其中 34例缺血性脑血管病患者同期接受了数字减影脑血管造影 (DSA)检查。结果　缺血性脑血管病组颈动脉内中膜 (IMT)增厚、斑块或血栓检出率及颈动脉狭窄发生率与对照组比较均有非常显著性差异 (P <0 0 1)。与DSA比较 ,对颈动脉颅外段 <70 %的狭窄及闭塞的诊断 ,无显著性差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ;对 70 %～ 99%的狭窄诊断 ,有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 ) ;颈动脉超声斑块检出率为 76 4 7% ,DSA为 5 2 94 % ,差异有显著性意义 (P <0 0 5 )。颈动脉粥样硬化者合并高血压及血脂异常与无颈动脉粥样硬化者间存在显著差异 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　颈动脉超声可直接显示颅外段颈动脉管壁病变 ,并能较准确判定颈动脉狭窄程度。重视颈动脉超声检查对缺血性脑血管病的预防和治疗具有重要意义。

Application Value of Carotid Artery Ultrasonography in Patients with Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease

Objective To assess the application value of carotid artery ultrasonography in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease and detect the risk factors of carotid atherosclerosis.Methods 235 patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease and 75 control subjects were examined with color duplx sonography for evaluating extracoranial.34 patients with cerebral ischemia(CI) were diagnosed by digital subtraction angiography (DSA).Results The intima-media thickness (IMT),the detection rate of atherosclerotic plaque, and the incidence of carotid artery stenosis in CI group were significantly differently from controls (P<0.01).Carotid artery ultrasonography has high coincidence rate with DSA in diagnosis of carotid artery stenosis <70% and occlusion (P>0.05); but lower accuracy rate in diagnosis of carotic artery stenosis 70%-99% than DSA (P<0.05).The detection rate of carotid plaque was 76.47%, DSA was 52.94%, there existed the significant difference ( P <0.05), so did carotid sclerosis and hypertension, uterus carotid artery atherosclerosis and dysliposis (P <0.05).Conclusion Carotid artery ultrasonography can directly show the extracranial carotid canal disease and determine accurately the narrow extent of carotid artery. So much attention to carotid artery ultrasonography examination is significant to the prevention and treatment on ischemic cerebrovascular disease.