扩髓与非扩髓髓内钉固定治疗股骨干骨折的系统评价

目的对扩髓与非扩髓髓内钉固定治疗股骨干骨折的疗效进行系统评价.方法计算机检索MEDLINE(1966～2004.5)、EMBASE(1966～2004.5)、Cochrane图书馆(2004年第2期)、Cochrane协作网肌骨创伤组试验数据库(2004.5)和中国生物医学文献数据库(1979～2004.5),手工检索<中华骨科杂志>(创刊～2004.5)和<中华创伤骨科杂志>(创刊～2004.5),收集所有相关随机对照试验及半随机对照试验,并采用RevMan 4.2.3进行Meta分析.结果共纳入5个随机对照试验,2个半随机对照试验.Meta分析显示,与非扩髓髓内钉固定相比,扩髓髓内钉固定能降低股骨干骨折的不愈合率[RR=0.38,95%CI(0.17,0.83),P=0.01]和内固定失效率[RR=0.42,95%CI(0.20,0.89),P=0.02].结论与非扩髓髓内钉固定相比,扩髓髓内钉固定能降低股骨干骨折的不愈合率及内固定失效率.但扩髓与否与肺部并发症、骨折愈合时间、感染、畸形愈合的发生及手术时间、失血量等的关系,以及骨折开放与否、是否合并多发伤、及骨折的部位等对上述指标的影响有待于进一步研究.

Reamed versus Nonreamed Intramedullary Nailing for Femoral Fractures:A Systematic Review

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of reamed versus nonreamed intramedullary nailing for femoral fractures.Methods .Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and clinical controlled trials (CCTs) were identified from MEDLINE (1966-2004.5), EMBASE (1966-2004.5), Cochrane Library (Issue 2, 2004), Cochrane Musculoskeletal Injuries Group Database (2004.5), and CBM disc (1979-2004.5). We handsearchedXChinese Journal of Orthopaedy3(from establishment to May 2004) andXOrthopaedic Journal of China3(from establishment to May 2004) . RCTs and CCTs were included. Data were extracted by two reviewers with designed extraction form. RevMan 4.2.3 software was used for data analysis.Results ."B3ST5"B3Five RCTs and two CCTs were included. The combined results of meta-analysis showed that reamed intramedullary nailing for femoral fractures can reduce the rate of nonunion (RR=0.38, 95%CI 0.17 to 0.83,XP3=0.01) and the rate of implant failure (RR=0.42, 95%CI 0.20 to 0.89,XP3=0.02). Conclusions Compared with nonreamed intramedullary nailing for femoral fractures, reamed intramedullary nailing can reduce the rates of nonunion and implant failure. However, the relation between reaming or pulmonary complications, the time of union, infection, malunion, operative time, and blood loss needs further study.