食物蛋白质对幼鼠脑部分神经递质代谢及组织学的影响

用五种不同来源食物蛋白质喂饲健康、纯种Ｗｉｓｔａｒ母鼠，观察其对出生５及２６日幼鼠脑蛋白质和５－羟色胺含量、乙酰胆碱酯酶的活性及脑组织的影响。结果表明：两个发育阶段仔鼠脑均受到食物蛋白质质量的影响，并以２６日龄幼鼠表现更为明显；全蛋、鱼肉及补充蛋氨酸和牛磺酸大豆三组间，脑蛋白质含量、乙酰胆碱酯酶的活性无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）；全谷组除５－ＨＴ含量高外，其余各项指标均低于其它各组；食物蛋白质氨基酸评分与乙酰胆碱酯酶活性相关分析表明，二者呈高度正相关（Ｐ＜０．００１）；透射电镜下，全谷组仔鼠大脑皮质、海马区部分神经元变性，有暗细胞形成，神经突触膜增厚、间隙丝状物融合，神经毡区水肿。提示，经补充蛋氨酸和牛磺酸的大豆、全蛋和鱼肉为有利于早期脑发育的良好食物蛋白质来源。

Effect of dietary proteins on neurotransmitters and histology in rat brain

The effects of different dietary protein sources on the contents of neurotransmitters and the histology of the brain of rats,aged 5 and 26 days,were studied. The contents of protein and 5-hydroxyindoles(5-HT),the activity of acctylcholinesterase(AChE) and the histological changes of brains were determined in rats fed with either whole egg(EP),carp fish (FP),soy methionine(Soy1),soy methinnine taurine(Soy2),or corn gluten (CP). CP feeding significantly increased 5-HT contents and decreased protein and ACHE activities of rats brain,No significant difference was found between the rats fed diets with EP,Soy2 and PP.AChE activities were positively correlated with the amino acid score of the sources of dietary protiens when compared with the rats fed with EP or Soy2, CP feeding caused several morphological changes in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of rat brain:synaptic membrace widening,cleft unorganized altering and filament fusion and electro-dense bodys forming,neuropil oendema,et al.The results show that soy supplemented methionine and taurine,as whole egg and carp fish,is advantageous to the development of brain at early age.