湖南省美沙酮维持治疗患者维持治疗时间现状及影响因素分析

目的 了解湖南省美沙酮维持治疗患者维持治疗时间的现状以及影响因素.方法 收集湖南省前两批开诊的7个美沙酮门诊接受治疗的海洛因成瘾者的一般情况以及日常治疗信息,分析患者治疗时间、治疗维持率,探索影响维持治疗时间的因素.结果 湖南省7个美沙酮门诊维持治疗患者6个月的维持治疗率为72.06%,1年的维持治疗率为49.65%.高、低剂量组的患者6个月的维持治疗率分别为85.03%、68.03%;1年的维持治疗率分别为60.48%、46.28%;差异均有统计学意义.在随访观察1年中,HIV阳性和HIV阴性患者的平均美沙酮维持治疗时间分别为9.46个月和8.62个月,差异有统计学意义.高剂量组患者、非注射吸毒方式患者、高年龄患者、HIV阳性患者更易于坚持美沙酮维持治疗.结论 湖南省美沙酮维持治疗门诊6个月和1年的维持治疗率与全国水平相似.维持治疗时间的长短与剂量、吸毒方式、年龄及HIV感染状况有关.

Study on the time of retention and related influencing factors of patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment in Hunan province

Objective to explore the current situation and related influencing factors on the retention time of patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). Methods Information on basic situation and daily treatment of the patients were collected from the 7 MMT clinics opened in the pro-two batch in Hunan province. Retention rate and influencing factors were analyzed. Results (1) The retention rates after 6 and 12 months of MMT became 72.06% and 49.65% respectively. (2) The retention rates of high-dosage group and low-dosage group were 85.03% and 68.03% after 6 months on MMT program while became 60.48% and 46.28% after 12 months of MMT respectively. (3) The mean retention time of HIV+ patients and HIV- patients were 9.46 months and 8.62 months respectively during the 12 months follow-up observation, showing a significant difference. (4) Patients who took large dose methadone, did not share needles, at older age or HIV+ , were prone to keep MMT at a long period. Conclusion The retention rates for 6 months and 12 months in the MMT program in Hunan province were similar to the national data. Dose, type of drug abuse, age and HIV status were related to the period of retention.