ICU患者身体约束使用现状调查与分析

目的：了解重症监护室（ICU）患者身体约束使用现状。方法：采用自行设计的《ICU患者身体约束调查表》回顾性调查102例ICU使用约束的成人患者资料,内容包括一般资料、疾病与治疗状况、身体约束特征、护理记录等。结果：ICU患者身体约束的使用率为45.7%,其中65岁及以上老年人占41.5%,精神心理状况异常者占13.2%,认知状况受损者占12.1%,镇静剂使用者占17.2%,机械通气者占75.2%;约束工具以手腕棉布约束带为主,部位以肢体约束为主;存在约束护理不规范、使用指征不明确、护理记录不全等问题。结论：应逐步明确患者身体约束的使用指征及护理内容,构建信息化管理系统,最终形成适用于我国临床护理工作的规范。

The current status and analysis of physical restraint usage in Intensive Care Unit

Objective： To examine physical restraint usage in Intensive Care Unit（ICU）. Methods： A retrospective study was conducted among 102 ICU adult patients. A self-designed questionnaire was used including patient＇s demographic information, health and treatment characteristics, physical restraint pattern and related nursing records. Results： About 45.7% of the ICU patients received physical restraints. The characteristic of those who were restrained were 41.5% over 65 years old, 13.2% with psychiatric condition, 12.1% with cognitive impairment, 17.2% using sedation, and 75.2% with mechanical ventilation. The main tools were wrist restraints and extremity restraints were mainly applied. Restraints practice with no clear guidelines, unclear indicators and incomplete nursing records were the existing problems. Conclusion： Further studies of physical restraints of ICU patients are needed in order to find the indicators of physical restraints, to establish the clinical decision-making references, to standardize the nursing practice and to develop the standards for physical restraints finally.