无细胞基质组织工程膀胱生物支架材料的生物力学特征

背景：前期研究表明，无细胞基质的组织工程膀胱支架材料有良好的生物相容性，无毒可吸收，符合组织工程生物支架材料的部分应用要求。 目的: 实验拟进一步观察无细胞基质组织工程膀胱生物支架材料的生物力学特性。 设计、时间及地点：对比观察实验，于2006-07/2007-05在中国医学科学院北京协和医院中心实验室和北京大学高分子科学与工程系完成。 材料：新鲜猪膀胱。 方法:采用低渗-去污剂洗涤-核酸酶消化法对新鲜猪膀胱组织进行脱细胞处理，制备无细胞基质膀胱。对新鲜猪膀胱组织及制备的膀胱无细胞基质行苏木精-伊红染色和Masson染色。 主要观察指标：测定膀胱组织在脱细胞前后组织的厚度、组织含水量、可溶性蛋白含量、最大位移、最大应力和断裂应力。 结果: 与新鲜膀胱组织相比，脱细胞后的膀胱组织中未见有细胞成分，保留了完整的细胞外基质。膀胱组织含水量在脱细胞后明显增加（P < 0.001），组织厚度和可溶性蛋白含量明显降低，而经校正后的应力－应变参数及破坏强度则改变不明显。 结论:无细胞基质膀胱与天然组织的生物力学特性一致或接近。

Biomechanical properties of bladder acellular matrix graft as biological scaffold materials for tissue engineering

BACKGROUND: Previous study has showed that bladder acellular matrix as biological scaffold materials for tissue engineering possess good biocompatibility, they are non-toxic and absorbable. Therefore, they fit the requirements of biological scaffold materials of tissue engineering. OBJECTIVE: To observe the biomechanical properties of the bladder acellular matrix as biological scaffold materials for the tissue engineering. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A randomized control investigation was performed at the central laboratory of Peking Union Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and the Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Peking University from July 2006 to May 2007. MATERIALS: Fresh porcine bladder. METHODS: The fresh porcine bladders were treated with hypotonic Trisbuffer-detergent washings-nucleic acid enzymatic digestion method to remove all the cell components. Staining with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson were done to the fresh bladder and the bladder acellular matrix. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The water content, thickness, dissoluble protein level, maximum offset, maximum stress and destroying stress were assayed to the bladder tissue before and after the decellular process. RESULTS: Compared with the fresh bladder, there were no cellular components after the cells were removed, maintaining complete extracellular matrix. Only water content in the bladder acellular tissue was increased significantly (P < 0.001), the tissue thickness and the dissoluble protein level decreased significantly, but there was no significant difference in parameter of the stress-strain and destroying intensity. CONCLUSION: The bladder acellular matrix have stable or same biomechanical properties with the native bladder tissue.