我国艾滋病母婴传播水平传播时期及干预效果研究

目的 了解我国部分艾滋病高流行地区艾滋病母要传播水平、传播时期及预防艾滋病母婴传播干预措施的效果.方法 在艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染相对高发的4个省15个县/市/区,于2004年12月至2007年6月,对287名确诊的艾滋病病毒Ⅰ型(HIV-1)感染孕产妇进行问卷调查及追踪管理,对其分娩的287名婴幼儿进行HIV-1DNAPCR检测和HIV抗体检测.结果 287名HIV-1感染孕产妇分娩的婴幼儿中,38名婴幼儿感染了HIV,艾滋病母婴传播总体水平为13.24%(38/287);未采取任何干预措施的孕产妇组艾滋病母婴传播水平为34.78%,规范应用抗逆转录病毒药物和采取人工喂养措施组的母婴传播率为4.48%,人群水平的总体母婴传播率从34.78%下降到13.24%,下降率为61.94%(x2=7.82,P＜0.01).24例HIV感染婴幼儿可明确其发生艾滋病母婴传播的时期,37.50%(9/24)母婴传播发生在宫内,33.33%(8/24)发生在产时,29.17%(7/24)为产后经母乳喂养传播.结论 预防艾滋病母婴传播干预措施能有效降低艾滋病母婴传播水平,应加强提供规范的预防艾滋病母婴传播干预措施,进一步降低母婴传播率.

The rate and stages of HIV mother to child transmission in some areas of China with relatively high HIV/AIDS prevalence and evaluation of the effectiveness of relevant interventions

Objective To study the rate and stages of HIV mother to child transmission (MTCT) in some areas of China with relatively high HIV/AIDS prevalence and assess the effectiveness of relevant interventions.Methods Two hundred and eighty seven HIV-1 infected maternal women selected from 15 counties/cities/prefectures of 4 provinces with relatively high HIV/AIDS prevalence were interviewed and traced with questionnaires between December of 2004 and July of 2007,and their babies were tested for HIV-1 DNA with PCR a...