医学院大学新生压力源与心理健康关系的研究

目的 探讨医学院校大学新生压力源及其与心理健康的关系.方法 采用Beck-Srivastava压力量表(BSSI)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)对1324名大学新生的压力源、压力程度和心理健康状况进行评定,运用相关和同归分析压力源与心理健康的关系.结果 医学院校新生BSSI得分最小值49分,最大值119分,平均(77.68±12.47)分,明显高于临界值.SCL-90各因子与中国正常人常模比较,在躯体化、强迫、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对性6个因子得分均明显高于全国青年常模,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);在性别方面,男生在躯体化、强迫、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对性、恐怖7个因子得分高于女生,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05;P＜0.01).相关及回归分析表明影响大学新生心理健康的压力源主要是准备及参加考试、同学之间的竞争、家庭收入情况、人际关系、个人习惯的压力.结论 医学院校大学新生压力源与心理健康卡状况密切相关,应引起学校重视并及早进行相关辅导.

Relationship study between pressure source and mental healthy of freshmen in medical college

Objective To explore the relationship between pressure source and mental healthy of freshmen in medical college. Methods 1324 freshmen in medical college were assessed with Beck-Srivastava stress inventory (BSSI) and checklist 90 (SCL-90) to detect the pressure source and mental health state. Relative analysis and regression analysis was used to statistic differences. Results The BSSI total score was from 49 to 119,mean score was (77.68 ± 12.47 )of freshmen in medical college. It was obviously higher than critical pressure.The 6 factors score of SCL-90 in somatization, compulsion, interpersonal relationship, depression, anxiety and hostility were significantly higher than Chinese domestic norms, the difference has a statistical significant (P ＜0. 01 ). The 7 factors score of somatization, compulsion, interpersonal relationship, depression, anxiety, hostility and fear in male freshmen were higher than those in female freshmen, the difference has a statistical significant (P＜ 0. 05 or P＜ 0.01 ). Relative analysis and regression analysis results showed that 5 factors of BSSI entered the regression equaltion. Conclusion The mental health problems of freshman in medical college were relatively serious, and the college should be pay special attention to the problem and intervene early.