神经小胶质细胞在EAE 脱髓鞘和髓鞘再生中的作用机制进展

炎性细胞浸润和脱髓鞘是中枢神经系统(CNS)的自身免疫性疾病---多发性硬化(MS)的主要病理特征,相关的病理研究多在其动物模型实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓膜炎(EAE)中开展。神经小胶质细胞(MG)是CNS 的主要免疫效应细胞,EAE 时它的激活在脱髓鞘和髓鞘再生中表现出复杂的作用。M1 型MG 是导致脱髓鞘的重要原因,抑制髓鞘再生;而M2型MG 可以促进髓鞘再生,抵抗脱髓鞘。本文综述MG 在EAE 脱髓鞘和髓鞘再生中的直接作用机制,及其通过星形胶质细胞产生的间接作用机制及进展。

Advances in mechanisms of microglial function on demyelination and remyelination in EAE model

Inflammatory cells infiltration and demyelination in the central nervous system (CNS) are the main pathological characteristics of multiple sclerosis(MS),an autoimmune disease in the CNS.Most of the related pathological studies are carried out in the animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE).Microglia(MG) are the primary immune effector cells of the CNS and their activation can play complex roles in demyelination and remyelination during EAE.In detail,M1 phenotype is an important cause of demyelination and detrimental to remyelination while M2 phenotype can promote remyelination and inhibit demyelination.In this review,we not only focus on advances in the direct mechanisms of microglial function on demyelination and remyelination in EAE model,also the indirect mechanisms by astrocytes.