小儿原发性纵隔肿瘤和囊肿的诊治

目的 探讨小儿原发性纵隔肿瘤和囊肿的诊断及治疗.方法 回顾性分析79例小儿原发性纵隔肿瘤和囊肿的临床资料.所有病例均经手术和病理证实.结论 本组病例中,小儿原发性纵隔肿瘤和囊肿占同期我科收治的原发性纵隔肿瘤及囊肿的13.96%(79/566).其中神经源性肿瘤21.5%(18/79)、肠源性囊肿15.2%(12/79)、畸胎瘤17.7%(14/79),其他肿瘤和囊肿44.30%(35/79).无临床症状而于查体时发现12例,占15.19%.手术切除74例,手术切除率93.7%(74/79),经治疗后康复出院76例,死亡3例.结论 小儿纵隔肿瘤和囊肿的术前诊断依据胸部X线、CT扫描及超声检查,必要时可以结合MRI扫描判断病变范围,而确诊则依赖于术中所见及术后病理检查.其病情复杂,变化快,可危及患儿生命,除淋巴瘤外宜选手术治疗.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of primary mediastinal tumors and cysts in children.Methods The data of 79 patients admitted from 1966 to 2009 with primary mediastinal tumors and cysts were retrospectively reviewed.All patients underwent surgery and pathological examination.Results The primary mediastinal tumors and cysts in children accounted for 13.96% of primary mediastinal tumors and cysts at the same period.In these 79 patients,neurogenic tumors were diagnosed in 18 (21.5%)patients,gastrointestinal cyst was 15.2%(12/79),teratoma was 17.7%(14/79),and the others were 44.30%(35/79).Twenty-two patients without clinical symptoms were diagnosed by health checkup,accounting for 15.2% in all cases.Tumors in 74 patients(93.7%)were resected,and the mortality rate was 3.8%(3/79).Conclusions The preoperative diagnosis of mediastinal tumors and cysts in children primarily bases on chest X ray,CT scan,ultrasonography,and MRI scan in some cases,but the final diagnosis depends on the intraoperative findings and pathologic examination.Except of lymphoma,primary mediastinal tumors and cysts should be treated by surgery appropriately.

The treatment of primary mediastinal tumors and cysts in children

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of primary mediastinal tumors and cysts in children.Methods The data of 79 patients admitted from 1966 to 2009 with primary mediastinal tumors and cysts were retrospectively reviewed.All patients underwent surgery and pathological examination.Results The primary mediastinal tumors and cysts in children accounted for 13.96% of primary mediastinal tumors and cysts at the same period.In these 79 patients,neurogenic tumors were diagnosed in 18 (21.5%)patients,gastrointestinal cyst was 15.2%(12/79),teratoma was 17.7%(14/79),and the others were 44.30%(35/79).Twenty-two patients without clinical symptoms were diagnosed by health checkup,accounting for 15.2% in all cases.Tumors in 74 patients(93.7%)were resected,and the mortality rate was 3.8%(3/79).Conclusions The preoperative diagnosis of mediastinal tumors and cysts in children primarily bases on chest X ray,CT scan,ultrasonography,and MRI scan in some cases,but the final diagnosis depends on the intraoperative findings and pathologic examination.Except of lymphoma,primary mediastinal tumors and cysts should be treated by surgery appropriately.