特发性1型糖尿病的发病机制进展

根据1型糖尿病发病机制,可分为自身免疫性(1A型)和特发性(1B型)两种类型。1A型患者体内有多种胰岛自身抗体存在,主要包括胰岛细胞抗体(ICA)、胰岛素自身抗体(IAA)、谷氨酸脱羧酶抗体(GADA)和酪氨酸磷酸酶抗体(IA-2A)等;1B型病因未明,但目前发现在这些患者中存在数种少见型胰岛自身抗体,如羧基肽酶H抗体(CPHAb)和SOX13(ICA12)抗体等。随着这些抗体本质逐渐被揭示,不仅被用于特发性1型糖尿病的诊断和筛查,而且在对本病病因和防治的研究中都起到了很大作用。

Development of pathogenesis of idiopathic type 1 diabetes mellitus

Type 1 diabetes can be distinguished to two types according to the pathogenesy: autoimmunity(type 1A) and idiopathic(type 1b).In type 1A,there are many insular autoantibodies,such as Islet cell cytoplasmic autoantibodies(ICA),anti-insulin antibodies(IAA),glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies(GADA) and protein tyrosine phosphatase antibodies(IA-2A).In type 1B,the etiopathogenisis is not clear yet,but many species of insular autoantibodies can be discovered in these patients,including the antibodies to carboxypeptide-H(CPHAb) and SOX13(ICA12).The antibodies should be used not only on the diagnosis and screen of idopathic type 1 diabetes but also the etiopathogenisis and prevention and cure of the disease.