儿童生长发育与营养

我国儿童生长发育与营养面临着营养不良和超重肥胖的双重负担。2005-2014年全国7～18岁儿童青少年的营养不良检出率呈持续下降趋势,但总体检出率仍然较高。儿童青少年超重肥胖呈现新的流行趋势,2005年乡村学生超重肥胖检出率年均增长值超过城市,2014年部分地区乡村学生肥胖检出率开始接近或超过城市。儿童青少年身体素质持续下降,其中耐力素质下降尤为显著。儿童青少年慢性非传染性疾病患病率明显增加。在营养改善和经济投入的同时,应加强健康教育,促进儿童青少年养成合理的膳食习惯和生活方式。

Children's growth,development and nutrition

Children's growth, development and nutrition are facing the double burden of malnutrition and overweight/obesity. Although the malnutrition rate of children aged 7 to 18 years has declined continuously from 2005 to 2014, the overall rate is still high. There is a new trend in childhood obesity, with the average annual growth rate of overweight/obesity among rural students exceeding that in urban areas in 2005, and the obesity rate among rural areas approaching or exceeding that in cities in 2014. The physical fitness of children has decreased, especially the endurance quality. Moreover, the prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases in children has increased significantly. While improving nutrition and economic investment, health education should be strengthened to help children and adolescents to develop healthy dietary behaviors and lifestyle.