妊娠期接触酒精对子鼠视皮质神经元数量的影响

目的探讨酒精对C57BL/6小鼠胚胎发育和视皮质神经元数量的的影响。方法妊娠母鼠酒精灌胃直至小鼠出生;采用苏木精-伊红和Nissl染色法观察P0、P7和P14小鼠视皮质神经元密度(ND)和皮层的厚度(CCT)。结果酒精组出现死胎和畸形。晚期胚胎和新生鼠发现多种畸形,如:小头畸形、无脑儿、脊柱脊髓裂等,畸形的出现率为12%。酒精组视皮质的发育明显滞后于对照组,皮质的分层和神经元的极性紊乱。在酒精实验组出现神经元的缺失。在各年龄组,酒精组视皮质神经元的密度均明显低于对照组(P<0.01),而酒精实验组应见皮质的厚度明显比对照组薄(P<0.01)。结论出生前酒精处理诱导视皮质神经元的缺失,此作用具有剂量依赖性和长时程性效应。

Effects of prenatal ethanol exposure on the neuronal number in visual cortex of off spring mouse

Aim To study ethanol-induced changes in the development and neuronal number of visual cortex in C57BL /6 mice. Methods Female mice were fed with ethanol during pregnancy . The neuron density (ND) and cortical thickness (CT) in visual cortex of off spring mice were measured at either P0, P7 and P14 with hematoxylin and eosin (H.E) and Nissl staining. Results Embryonic death and malformationswere found in the ethanol-treated groups. Malformations, such as microcephaly,anencephaly and myeloschisis with spinabifida, etc were found in late-term embryos. The malformation rate was 12%. Compared with control group, the development of visual cortex in ethanol-treated groups was delayed, and its lamination was in disorder. The neuron polarity was disturbed. Neuron loss was found after ethanol exposure. At various ages, the neuron density in ethanol-treated groups was lower than that in control group(P<0.01), and the thickness of visual cortical plate in ethanol-treated groups is thinner than in control group(P<0.01). Conclusions The prenatal ethanol exposure could impair the development of visual cortex and induce dose-dependent and long-term neuron loss.