中医治未病理论溯源

"治未病"作为一种医学理论,最早可追溯到远古时代。《黄帝内经》提出了中医治未病的基本理论和实践框架,为后世"治未病"理论的丰富和中医养生观的发展奠定了坚实的理论基础。《难经》进一步阐发了治未病的含义,将《黄帝内经》的"治未病"原则具体化。《伤寒论》将"治未病"理论传承并将其发展和完善,强调了"未病先防"的思想。华佗首先继承了《吕氏春秋》提出的"流水不腐,户枢不蠹"的"治未病"养生观点,从理论上进一步阐释了动形养生之理。张从正提倡《素问·阴阳应象大论》中"形不足者,温之以气;精不足者,补之以味"的观点,张氏治病的原则是虚则补之,实则泻之,总以恢复人体阴阳平衡为要。补虚同时不应忘记通流,应补而不滞,使人体阴阳气血流畅。另外,还应注意补其不足,促使人体脏腑经络平和。

Brief Discussion About Theory and Its Origin of TCM "Prevention"

As a kind of medical theory," prevention" can earliest date back to ancient times.Huangdi's Canon of Medicine puts forward the basic theory and practice framework of TCM prevention,and has laid a solid theoretical basis for later richness of "prevention" and the development of TCM life-cultivation views.Classic of Difficulties further expounds the meaning of prevention,and specifies the principles of "prevention" in Huangdi's Canon of Medicine.Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases inherits,develops and perfects the theory of "prevention",and emphasizes the importance of preventing diseases as early as possible.Hua Tuo not only inherited the life-cultivation view that "running water is never stale and a door-hinge is never worm-eaten-thing in use rots not" put forward in Springs and Autumns of Master Lü,but also further expounds life-cultivation through movement from the point of theory.Zhang Cong-zheng advocated the view that "physical weakness should be supplemented with warm qi,which deficient essence should be supplemented with nutrient materials" put forward in Plain Questions.Zhang's treating principle is treating deficiency syndromes with reinforcing while treating excess syndromes with reduction in order to recover the balance between yin and yang.He also points out that nourishing deficiency should not neglect unblocking,that is nourishing without stagnating and making yin and yang,qi and blood moving smoothly.In addition,supplementing the weakness should be paid attention to in order to keep viscera and meridians harmonize each other.