非血缘关系与单倍型相合供者造血干细胞移植治疗恶性血液病疗效比较

目的 比较非血缘关系供者造血干细胞移植(URD-HSCT)与单倍型相合供者移植(Hi-HSCT)的临床疗效.方法 接受URD-HSCT和Hi-HSCT的血液病患者分别为25例和30例,以改良BUCY方案或TBI/CY方案预处理,以环孢素联合甲氨蝶呤及霉酚酸酯为基础方案预防急性移植物抗宿主病(aGVHD),部分患者加用抗胸腺细胞球蛋白(ATG)或抗淋巴细胞球蛋白(ALG)及CD25单抗.结果 URD-HSCT组均获造血重建,中位随访13个月,3年无病生存率(DFS)(54.1±11.9)%;Hi-HSCT组29例造血重建,中位随访10.3个月,3年DFS(43.1±9.1)%(P=0.13).两组累积Ⅲ～Ⅳ度aGVHD发生率分别为40.0%(10例)和37.9%(11例)(P＞0.05).血液病复发各2例(复发率8.0%和6.0%,P＞0.05),移植相关死亡率分别为40.0%(10例)和56.7%(17例)(P＞0.05),死因依次为重度aGVHD合并感染、重症肺部感染和血液病复发.结论 URD-HSCT及Hi-HSCT均为治疗难治及高危恶性血液病的有效手段,应个体化选择最适供者,重度aGVHD和继发感染仍需要更积极有效的预防措施.

A comparison of clinical outcomes between unrelated donor and HLA-haploidentical donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical outcomes between unrelated donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (URD-HSCT) and HLA-haploidentical (Hi)-HSCT. METHODS: Twenty-five patients with hematologic malignancies received URD-HSCT and thirty patients received Hi-HSCT. The conditioning regimen consisted of modified BUCY or modified total body irradiation (TBI) plus CY. Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) prophylaxis consisted of cyclosporin ( CsA), short-term methotrexate (MTX), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), or the combination of CsA, MTX and MMF plus antithymocyte globulin (ATG) or antilymphocyte globulin (ALG), or the combination of CsA, MTX, MMF, ATG/ ALG and CD25 monoclonal antibody. RESULTS: All patients in the URD-HSCT group and 29 patients in the Hi-HSCT group were engrafted successfully. The median follow-up duration was 7 (2 -59) months for URD-HSCT group and 7.3 (1 - 35) months for Hi-HSCT group. The 3-year probabilities of disease-free survival (DFS) for URD-HSCT and Hi-HSCT group were (54.1 +/- 11.9)% and (43.1 +/- 9.1)%, respectively (P =0.13). Grade III - IV aGVHD occurred in 10 patients in URD-HSCT group and 11 in Hi-HSCT group (the cumulative incidence 40.0% vs 37.9%, P > 0.05), respectively. Ten patients (40.0%) died of transplantation-related mortality (TRM) in URD-HSCT group and 17 (56.7%) in Hi-HSCT group (P >0. 5). Two patients relapsed in each group (the rate of relapse 8.0% vs 6.0%, P >0.05). The primary causes of death included severe aGVHD with infection,severe pulmonary infection and relapse. CONCLUSION: Both URD-HSCT and Hi-HSCT are effective and curable treatment for refractory or high-risk hematologic malignancies. The optimal donor should be choosed individually. The severe aGVHD and consequent infection are still the main cause of TRM.