呼吸机撤离后不同体位对新生儿通换气功能的影响

目的 评价呼吸机撤离后最初6h内新生儿仰、俯卧位对其通、换气功能的影响.方法 选择2004年9月至2006年4月我院NICU收治的行机械通气并直接撤机后体温正常的64例新生儿为研究对象,随机分为仰卧位组和俯卧位组.氧气涵吸氧,确保经皮氧饱和度在正常范围.监测撤机后6 h内各时间点的吸氧浓度(FiO2)、呼吸频率(RR)及经皮氧饱和度,于撤机后1 h及6 h各测动脉血气1次,记录PaO2、PaCO2,并计算肺泡-动脉氧分压差、氧合指数、呼吸指数.结果 撤机后1～6 h俯卧位组FiO2均明显低于仰卧位组(P<0.01),RR在俯卧位组有降低趋势,于撤机4 h后明显低于仰卧位组,差异有非常显著性(P<0.01).撤机后1 h及6 h,俯卧位组PaO2及氧合指数明显高于仰卧位组,肺泡-动脉氧分压差、呼吸指数低于仰卧位组,差异有显著性(P<0.05,P<0.01).于撤机后6 h仰卧位组PaCO2高于俯卧位组,差异有显著性(P<0.05).结论 俯卧位可以改善撤机后最初6 h内新生儿的通、换气功能.

Effect of position on ventilation function in neonates after weaning from mechanical ventilation

Objective To evaluate the effects of supine and prone position on ventilation function in neonates in the initial six-hour period after weaning. Methods Sixty-four neonates weaned from mechanical ventilation and with normal body temperature hospitalized from Sep. 2004 to Apr. 2006 in our NICU were randomly divided into prone group and supine group. All of them were oxygen administrated through head net, oxygen flow rate was adjusted continously to keep SpO2 at normal level by monitoring SpO2 and RR. FiO2、RR were recorded at 15 minutes,1 h,2 h,3 h,4 h,5 h,6 h after weaning. Arterial blood gas was meas-ured at 1 h ,6 h after weaning and A-aDO2, RI, OI were calculated. Results (1) At 1～6 h after weaning the values of FiO2 in prone group were significantly lower than those in the supine group(P<0.01). (2) After weaning there was a decreasing tendency of RR in the prone group and the significant decrease was found at 4 h ,5 h ,6 h compared with supine group (P<0.01). (3) At 1h and 6h after weaning, the value of PaO2 and OI were significantly higher and the value of A-aDO2, RI were lower in the prone group than in the supine group(P<0.05,P<0.01). (4) At 6 h the PaCO2 in prone group were obviously higher than that in supine group (P<0.05). Conclusion At first 6h after weaning prone position can improve ventilation functions.