结直肠癌淋巴结转移的规律及其影响因素

目的探讨结直肠癌淋巴结转移的规律及其影响因素。方法总结1166例接受手术治疗的结直肠癌患者的临床病理资料，分析各临床病理因素对结直肠癌淋巴结转移的影响。结果全组病例淋巴结转移率为49．7％；单因素分析显示，患者的性别（x^2=1．46，r=0．035，P〉0．05）和肿瘤部位（x^2=3．86，r=0．012，P〉0．05）与淋巴结转移无关；而年龄（x^2=13．1，r=0．064，P〈0．05）、肿瘤大小（x^2=77．161，r=0．245，P〈0．01）、大体类型（x^2=144．831，r=0．341，P〈0．01）、组织学类型（x^2=128．310，r=0．318，P〈0．01）、分化程度（x^2=120．418，r=0．319，P〈0．01）及浸润深度（x^2=227．287，r=0．434，P〈0．01）与淋巴结转移密切相关。Logistic多因素回归分析得出的与淋巴结转移的相关因素按密切程度依次递减为：浸润深度、大体类型、分化程度、肿瘤大小。术前血清癌胚抗原水平与淋巴结转移高度相关（x^2=509．599，r=0．661，P〈0．01）。结论结直肠癌的浸润深度是淋巴结转移发生的最主要因素；术前血清CEA水平的上升提示淋巴结转移的发生。

Rule of lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer and its affecting factors

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the rule of lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer and its affecting factors, and to provide clues for clinical diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer patients. METHODS: The clinical data of 1166 cases of colorectal cancer receiving surgical resection were analyzed retrospectively.The relationships between clinicopathologic variables and lymph node metastases were evaluated by crosstabs and logistic regression in SPSS 10.0 for windows. RESULTS: The rate of lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer was 49.7%. After entering crosstabs estimation, gender and tumor site were not significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer(chi2=1.46, r=0.035, P>0.05 and chi2=3.86, r=0.012, P>0.05). Age, tumor size, the massive type of the tumor, the differentiating degree of the tumor, histology type and the depth of tumor invasion were proved to be independent factors influencing the lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer (chi2 =13.1, r=0.064, P<0.05 and chi2=77.161, r=0.245, P<0.01 and chi2=144.831, r=0.341, P<0.01 and chi2=128.310, r=0.318, P<0.01 and chi2=120.418, r=0.319, P<0.01 and chi2=227.287, r=0.434, P<0.01). After entering logistic regression estimation, the correlativity of risk factor of lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer: the depth of tumor invasion > the massive type of the tumor>the differentiating degree of the tumor > tumor size. Preoperative blood serum CEA level was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis (chi2=509.599, r=0.661, P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The depth of tumor invasion is the most risk factor of lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer. Preoperative high level of blood serum CEA indicates the occurrence of lymph node metastasis.