不同个性特征护士的心理健康水平调查

目的：通过问卷调查探讨临床护士心理健康水平与个性特征的关系,为提高临床护士心理素质提供资料。方法：对北京某三级甲等医院10个科室245例临床护士,采用90项症状清单（SCL-90）及艾森克人格问卷（EPQ）进行调查,了解护士心理健康水平及其个性特征。结果：回收有效问卷204份。SCL-90问卷显示,被调查护士的总分和各因子分（除人际关系和偏执外）高于全国常模（P〈0.01）。EPQ分析个性特征,属抑郁质43例,胆汁质70例,黏液质21例,多血质70例。各气质类型护士SCL-90评分,抑郁质〉胆汁质〉黏液质、多血质（P〈0.01）。结论：临床护士的心理健康水平低于一般人群,其中抑郁质护士最低。提示护理工作节奏快,压力大,责任重,护士易出现心理问题,应引起重视。

A Survey on the Level of Psychological Health of Nurses with Different Personal Characters

Objective： To explore the relationship between the level of psychological health and personal characters of nurses.Methods： Two hundred and four clinical nurses were randomly selected from 10 departments of one hospital as surveyed subjects.The SCL-90 questionnaire was used to measure the level of psychological health.The Eysenck Personality Questionaire（EPQ） was used to analyze the personal characters.Results： Total scores of SCL-90 and scores of most factors in clinical nurses were higher than those of the norm（P〈0.01）;The scores of all factors of SCL-90 in the nurses with gloominess were significantly higher than those with phlegm,biliousness and sanguine;The scores of all factors of SCL-90 in the nurses with biliousness were significantly higher than those with phlegm and sanguine;There was no significant difference in scores of SCL-90 among the nurses with phlegm and sanguine（P〈0.01）.Conclusion： Different personal characters may influence the level of psychological health.The level of psychological health in nurses with gloominess is the lowest,that in nurses with biliousness in the nest;that is natched in nurses with phlegm and sanguine,and is higher than the nurses with gloominess and biliousness.