巨噬细胞在子宫内膜异位症神经纤维及血管生成中的作用及机制

子宫内膜异位症（endometriosis,EMs）是育龄期女性常见疾病,其发病机制目前尚未明确,其中神经纤维及血管生成是促进疾病进展、产生慢性盆腔痛及子宫内膜异位病灶增大的重要机制,而其形成原因亦非常复杂,很可能与EMs免疫微环境的改变密切相关。而作为EMs免疫因素重要成分的巨噬细胞,在疾病发生、发展中异常募集并产生表型及功能的改变,分泌多种促炎及抗炎细胞因子,引起神经信号的过度兴奋和通路转导异常,并参与血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）通路的调控,对神经血管的生成有重要作用。总结在EMs中巨噬细胞表型功能变化对神经纤维异常生成及盆腹腔中血管增生的作用及其潜在机制,为针对巨噬细胞与EMs神经血管生成的靶向治疗可以干预炎症过程、周围神经和血管的生成提供理论支持,为解析EMs的发病机制提供新的思路。

The Role of Macrophages in Neurogenesis and Angiogenesis in Endometriosis and Its Mechanism

Endometriosis(EMs)is a common disease in women of childbearing age and its pathogenesis is not yet clear.Neurofibrogenesis and angiogenesis are important mechanisms for disease progression,chronic pelvic pain,and enlargement of endometriosis lesions,and the causes are also very complex,which is likely to be closely related to the change of EMs immune microenvironment.Macrophages,an important component of the immune environment in EMs,are abnormally recruited and produce morphological and functional changes during disease development,secreting various pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines,causing hyperexcitability of neural signals and abnormal pathway transduction,participating in the regulation of vascular endothelia growth factor(VEGF)pathway and playing an important role in neuroangiogenesis.This paper summarizes the role of macrophages in the formation of nerve fibres and blood vessels in EMs and their potential mechanisms,and provides theoretical support for targeting EMs macrophages to intervene in the inflammatory process and peripheral nerve and blood vessel generation,and provides new ideas for understanding the pathogenesis of EMs.