人周围神经内乙酰胆碱酯酶活性与神经束性质的鉴别

本文用Karnovsky乙酰胆碱酯酶组织化学方法,系统地观察了成人周围神经中乙酰胆碱酯酶的分布。材料包括20侧上肢主要神经干及其分支、部分下肢神经的肌支和皮支、6侧C_7脊神经前后根。皮神经内,有髓纤维酶反应阴性;大量无髓纤维显示强阳性酶反应,呈群块状分布。肌支神经内58%的有髓纤维酶反应阳性,酶活性局限于轴索内,髓鞘不显酶活性;示强阳性酶反应的无髓纤维远较皮神经少。C_7脊神经前根87%有髓纤维酶反应阳性,与肌支内酶反应阳性有髓纤维相似;后根纤维酶反应阴性;灰交通支内酶反应强阳性,与皮支内阳性无髓纤维酶染色强度一致。本文结果表明,周围神经运动束和感觉束内,有髓及无髓纤维酶活性都有明显不同;明确提出,酶染色有髓纤维来源脊神经前根运动纤维,具有强酶活性的无髓纤维是交感神经节后纤维。

HISTOCHEMICAL DEMONSTRATION OF AOETYLCHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY OF HUMAN PERIPHERAL NERVE AND ITS APPLICATION AS A METHOD TO DISTINGUISH THE NATURE OF NERVE FASCICLE

This study presented a systematic observation on the human peripheral nerves by Karnovsky histochemical method for acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Some major nerve trunks and their branches from twenty upper limbs, a part of the muscular and cutaneous nerves of the lower limbs, and the ventral and dorsal roots and the gray communicating rami of C_7 from six human cadavers were obtained within 3 hours postmorten for this study. In the sensory nerve fascicles, the myelinated axons failed to react and the unmyelinated fibres showed strong enzymatic activity. In the motor nerve fascicles, 58% of the myelinated axons showed enzymatic activity, while the unmyelinated fibres which showed strong enzymatic activity, were much less than those in the sensory nerve fascicles. 87% of the myelinated axons in the ventral roots from the C_7 showed morphologically the same enzymatic activity as those in the motor nerve fascicles. The myelinated axons failed to show an enzymatic activity and the unmyelinated fibres showed very slight enzymatic activity in the dorsal roots. A strong enzymatic activity was shown in the gray communicating rami. Thus it is clear that both myelinated and unmyelinated fibres show different enzymatic activities in the motor and sensory nerve fascicles, and that those myelinated fibres showing enzymatic activity originate from the ventral roots and the unmyelinated fibres showing strong enzymatic activity originate from the gray communicating rami.