辽宁省城乡居民1973-1975年与2004-2005年伤害死亡率变化分析

目的 分析1973-1975年与2004-2005年间辽宁省城乡居民伤害死亡率的变化特点,为制定有效的预防措施,降低伤害死亡提供科学依据.方法 使用1973-1975全国死因回顾调查和2004-2005年辽宁省城乡居民病伤死因登记报告系统资料,计算不同年代、地区、性别和年龄别伤害死亡率和变化幅度.结果 30年间,城市居民伤害标化死亡率由51.03/10万降至28.36/10万,农村由44.55/10万升至55.43/10万,城乡呈相反的变化趋势;男性伤害死亡率明显高于女性,农村明显高于城市,目前农村居民溺水、自杀、机动车交通事故和火灾的死亡率分别为城市的4.03倍、3.66倍、2.90倍和2.75倍.结论 30年间城乡伤害死亡率的变化趋势相反,农村亟待加强道路安全意识教育及加大必要的监管力度,同时关注农村老年居民的生存环境问题,从而采取有针对性的干预措施降低农村伤害死亡率.

Study on the Mortality of Injuries among Population in Urban and Rural Areas of Liaoning Province from 1973 to 2005

Objective To analyze the characteristics and change of injuries among urban and rural population in Liaoning province.Methods The mortality data of urban and rural residents in two periods（1973-1975 and 2004-2005） respectively were obtained from the first Chinese national death retrospective survey（1973-1975） and Liaoning province annual death registry（2004-2005）.The mortality levels and change ranges by age,sex and areas were analyzed.Results During the past 30 years,the standardized death rate of injury declined in the urban（from 51.03/106 to 28.36/106） while increased in the rural areas（from 44.55/106 to 55.43/106）.The death rate of men was higher than that of women and rural was higher than that of urban.The rates of drowning,suicide,traffic accident and fire in rural areas were 4.03,3.66,2.90 and 2.75 times of that in urban areas.Conclusion Effective intervention measures on road security should be taken to prevent and control injury as soon as possible,especially in rural areas.