不同产地丹参药效组分变化规律研究

[目的]通过药效组分含量测定,考察不同产地丹参的药效组分变化规律,探索各产地药材的品质特征。[方法]采用2015版《中华人民共和国药典》(通则2201)项下热浸法(稀乙醇为溶剂)测定丹参总浸出物含量;紫外分光光度法(UV-VIS)测定总丹参酮和总丹酚酸含量;高效液相色谱法(HPLC-UV)测定丹酚酸B和丹参酮ⅡA类(丹参酮ⅡA、隐丹参酮、丹参酮Ⅰ)的含量。[结果]各产地丹参总浸出物含量均大于50.0%;山东临沂、河南方城、四川中江丹参各药效组分含量总体水平较高;河南、河北、山西、四川部分样品中丹参酮ⅡA类含量低于0.25%,存在不合格药材;天津栽培丹参各指标成分含量均达到药典标准,具有一定质量优势。[结论]不同产地丹参药效组分含量存在较大差异,其中丹参酮ⅡA类含量差异尤为明显,为药材质量不合格的主要原因;山东临沂、陕西商洛、四川中江、河南方城作为丹参道地产区是合理的;非道地产区引种栽培后的药材质量存在不合格问题,因此,丹参非道地产区的广泛引种应值得高度关注。

Study on the change regularity of the effective components of Salvia miltiorrhiza in different habitats

[Objective] To investigate the change regularity of effective components of Salvia miltiorrhiza in different habitats and explore the quality characteristics of the medicinal materials in each habitat by determinating the content of effective components. [Methods] The content of total extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza was determined by hot dipping method(dilute ethanol as solvent) under the Pharmacopoeia 2015(General Principles 2201). The content of total tanshinone and total salvianolic acid were determined by UV-VIS. The content of tanshinone Ⅱ A and salvianolic acid B were determined by HPLC-UV. [Results] The total extract content of Salvia miltiorrhiza in each habitat was higher than 50.0%. The total levels of effective components of Salvia miltiorrhiza in Shandong Linyi,Henan Fangcheng and Sichuan Zhongjiang were higher. The content of tanshinone Ⅱ A in some samples from Henan,Hebei,Shanxi and Sichuan is less than 0.25%,which is unqualified. The cultivated Salvia miltiorrhiza in Tianjin has a certain quality advantage because each characteristic component has reached the pharmacopoeia standard. [Conclusion] There are significant differences in the content of effective components of Salvia miltiorrhiza in different habitats. Among them,the content difference of tanshinone ⅡA is particularly obvious,which is the main reason for the unqualified quality of the medicine. Shandong Linyi,Shanxi Shangluo,Sichuan Zhongjiang,and Henan Fangcheng are the genuine production areas of Salvia miltiorrhiza,which is reasonable. The quality of the introduced and cultivated medicinal materials in the non-genuine production area is partially unqualified. Therefore,the extensive introduction of Salvia miltiorrhiza in the non-genuine production area deserves high attention.