大鼠实验性囊状动脉瘤生长塑形模型的建立

目的建立大鼠实验性囊状动脉瘤生长塑形模型。方法通过显微手术方法,破坏大鼠颈动脉分叉部位的内膜和内弹力层诱导囊性动脉瘤,在结扎及未结扎对侧颈总动脉的情况下,观察4-5个月,在长、宽、高三个径线上测量动脉瘤的大小,并行正常动脉和动脉瘤壁的组织学观察。结果通过显微手术方法直接破坏大鼠颈动脉分叉部位的内膜和内弹力层,成功诱导出囊状动脉瘤。经过4-5个月的血流冲击,动脉瘤的长、宽、高均明显增大(P<0.01),并且结扎对侧颈总动脉增加同侧血流冲击,可使动脉瘤在高度上继续增大(P<0.01)。正常动脉壁由内膜、中膜和外膜构成,各层结构保持完整。动脉瘤壁上没有内膜,结构排列紊乱,瘤壁变薄,有炎性细胞浸润。结论囊状动脉瘤在长期血流应力的作用下,逐渐增大生长塑形,提供了一个目前所知的较好的研究囊状动脉瘤生长塑形过程中血管生物学机制的动物模型。

Experimental Model of Saccular Aneurysms in Rats

Objective To establish an experimental model of saccular aneurysms in rats. Methods The saccular aneurysms were induced by microsurgical destruction of the intimas and internal elastic laminas at the bifurcation of the carotid arteries in 30 rats, of whom, 15 underwent the ligation of the common carotid arteries contralateral to the aneurysms 2 weeks after the first surgery and 15 did not . The size of the aneurysm was determined and the walls of the normal carotid arteries and the saccular aneurysms were pathologically examined. All the rats survived for 4-5 months. Results The saccular aneurysms were successfully induced immediately by destroying the intima and internal elastic lamina at the bifurcation of the carotid arteries in 30 rats. The saccular aneurysms become significantly bigger after the animal survived for 4-5 months (P<0.01), and the aneurysms were significantly bigger in the rats with ligation of the contralateral common carotid arteries than these in the rats without ligation of the contralateral common carotid arteries (P<0.01). The walls of the normal carotid arteries were composed of three intact layers (intima, media, adventitia). The aneurysmal walls which lost their intimas, become thinner and structurally aberrant. There were infiltrating inflammatory cells on the aneurysmal walls. Conclusions The experimental model of saccular aneurysms can be established by microsurgically destroying vascular intima and internial elastic lamina and the aneurysm may become bigger by the hemodynamic stress. The model will be helpful to study of the pathophysiological mechanism of the growing of the saccular aneurysm.