人格特征及认知风格与口腔门诊患者牙科焦虑症的关系

目的调查口腔门诊患者牙科焦虑症的发生情况,研究人格特征及认知风格与牙科焦虑的关系。方法选用改良牙科焦虑量表、艾森克人格问卷以及认知方式镶嵌图形测验对150名口腔门诊患者进行问卷调查。结果 113名有效样本中,74.3%的患者有牙科焦虑的产生。场依存组牙科焦虑得分(13.041±1.829)显著高于场依存组(9.41±3.165),差异具有统计学意义(t=5.159,P0.01)。相关分析结果显示,人格问卷中的神经质与牙科焦虑呈显著正相关(r=0.402),内外倾与牙科焦虑呈显著负相关(r=-0.302),相关均具有统计学意义(P0.01);认知风格得分与牙科焦虑存在显著的负相关(r=-0.485,P0.01)。回归分析的显示,神经质的人格特征及认知风格对牙科焦虑有显著的预测作用。结论口腔门诊患者牙科焦虑的发生比率较高,人格特征及认知风格是影响牙科焦虑的重要心理因素。

Relationship between Personality Traits and Cognitive Styles with Dental Anxiety in Dental Clinic Patients

Objective To investigate the incidence of dental anxiety and the relationship between personality traits and cognitive styles with dental anxiety .Methods 150 dental clinic patients were investigated with the modified dental anxiety scale , Eysenck personality questionnaire and the cognitive style of the embedded figure test .Results In all 113 valid samples ,74 .3%of patients had dental anxiety.The score of dental anxiety in field -dependence group （13.041 ±1.829） was significantly higher than that in the field -independence group（9.41 ±3.165）,the difference was statistically significant （t=5.159,P〈0.01）.Correlation analysis revealed that neuroticism of personality questionnaire was significantly correlated with dental anxiety （r=0.402）,but extroversion was negatively corre-lated with dental anxiety（r=-0.302）,correlations were all statistically significant （P〈0.01）.There was also a significantly negative correlation between cognitive style and the score of dental anxiety （r=0.485,P〈0.01）.The results of regression analysis showed that neuroticism and cognitive style were the significant predictors of dental anxiety .Conclusion The occurrence rate of dental anxiety in o-ral clinic patients is high ,and personality and cognitive styles are important factors which have an important effect on dental anxiety .