证候宏观诊断标准基本框架的探讨

从中医证候的整体性特征和辨证过程的思维特点出发，分析既往证候标准存在的问题，结合证候宏观诊断标准，两次全国范围的专家群体调查结果，提出设计证候宏观诊断标准基本框架的构思，对每一个证候给出其规范名称、证候基本临床特征、定性及定位指标、证候相关指标重要性排序、证候定量诊断阈值、最终构建定性与定量相结合的证候宏观诊断标准等几部分内容，以期更加全面地理解和把握中医证候宏观诊断标准。

Exploration on the Basic Framework of Standard for Macrocosmic Diagnosis of Syndrome

Starting from the thinking characteristics of TCM in the holistic approach of syndrome and process of syndrome differentiation, the problems in the criteria of syndrome diagnosis was analyzed, combining with the outcome of investigation on macrocosmic diagnosis of syndrome carried on twice by expert group nationwide in China, a concept for designing basic framework of standard for macrocosmic diagnosis of syndrome was advocated in this study. In order to recognize and master fully the standard, the following items would be the contents of the framework: give a standardized term of each syndrome; the basic clinical features of a syndrome; the qualitative parameters which could be used to distinguish the nature of a syndrome, and indexes to be used to judge the affected location of a syndrome during identifying process for a syndrome; the order of pertinent indexes with their given score, and the threshold for quantitative diagnosis. It is considered that the above framework defined the sufficient criteria which is constructed on the bases of the approaches with integrated qualitative and quantitative methods. It may enable the syndrome differentiation to access the real world of a patient to be used appropriately this framework.