乳腺癌患者术前及术后1年期间症状困扰程度的纵向研究

目的探讨乳腺癌患者术前及术后1年期间症状困扰的发生状况及变化规律。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2016年6—7月在广州市某三级甲等肿瘤专科医院就诊,初次经病理学诊断为乳腺癌并在该院进行手术的80例乳腺癌患者作为研究对象。采用M.D.Anderson症状调查量表测量患者术前、术后3个月、术后6个月、术后1年的症状困扰状况。结果乳腺癌患者术前、术后3个月、术后6个月、术后1年的症状分量表得分分别为(1.23±1.04)、(3.20±1.54)、(3.09±1.27)、(1.10±0.69)分,差异有统计学意义(F=97.70,P<0.01),困扰分量表得分分别为(1.49±1.63)、(4.24±2.30)、(3.08±1.86)、(0.98±0.89)分,差异有统计学意义(F=89.01,P<0.01)。乳腺癌患者症状困扰程度于术后3个月时最高,随后逐渐下降,直至术后1年时低于术前水平。结论乳腺癌患者术前至术后1年的症状困扰程度为轻度至中度,患者症状困扰程度于术后3个月最高,随后逐渐下降,直至术后1年时低于术前水平。患者每个时期都存在不同程度的症状困扰问题,这提示我们要有针对性地对患者不同时期因疾病或治疗引起的不良反应进行管理。

Longitudinal study of symptom distress in breast cancer patients before and one year after surgery

Objective To explore the occurrence and change rules of symptom distress in breast cancer patients before and one year after surgery.Methods From June 2016 to July 2016,this study selected 80 breast cancer patients at initial diagnosis by and with surgery in a ClassⅢGrade A cancer hospital of Guangzhou as subjects by pathobiology with the method of convenience sampling.The symptom distress was investigated with the M.D.Anderson symptom inventory(MDASI)before,three months,six months and one year after surgery.Results The scores of symptom sub-scale of breast cancer patients before,three months,six months and one year after surgery were(1.23±1.04),(3.20±1.54),(3.09±1.27)and(1.10±0.69)respectively with statistical differences(F=97.70,P<0.01).The scores of distress sub-scale of breast cancer patients before,three months,six months and one year after surgery were(1.49±1.63),(4.24±2.30),(3.08±1.86)and(0.98±0.89)respectively with statistical differences(F=89.01,P<0.01).The level of symptom distress of breast cancer patients was the highest three months after surgery and decreased gradually after that,and was lower one year after surgery than that before surgery.Conclusions Breast cancer patients had the mild to moderate levels of symptom distress from preoperation to one year after surgery.The level of symptom distress of patients is the highest three months after surgery and decreases gradually after that,and is lower one year after surgery than that before surgery.Patients are with varying degrees of symptom distress in each period which points out that we should provide targeted management for adverse reactions caused by disease or treatments at different periods.