2015—2017年中国城市居民早诊断意识现况及相关因素分析

目的分析2015—2017年中国城市居民早诊断意识现状及其相关因素。方法采用横断面调查的方法,于2015—2017年以2015年度城市癌症早诊早治项目覆盖的16个项目省份为研究现场,采用整群及方便抽样的方法,将年龄≥18岁、能够理解调查程序的居民纳入研究。共纳入32257名研究对象,社区居民、癌症风险评估/筛查干预人群、现患癌症患者及职业人群分别有15524、8016、2289、6428名。采用自制的调查问卷收集一般人口学特征、早诊断意识(假如自己体检查出异常结果的情况后是否去医院确诊、假如亲人或好朋友体检中查出异常结果的情况后是否会建议其及时确诊)等信息,采用多因素非条件logistic回归模型分析早诊断意识的相关因素。结果假如自己体检查出异常结果的情况,89.29%(28802名)对象选择进一步就医寻求确诊;假如亲人或好朋友体检查出异常结果的情况,89.55%(28886名)对象建议对方及时确诊。多因素非条件logistic回归模型分析结果显示,相对于事业单位人员/公务员、2014年家庭年总收入2.0万元以下、西部地区及癌症风险评估/筛查干预人群,公司职员,2014年家庭年总收入4.0万元及以上者,东部和中部地区人群,更倾向于去医院进一步确诊;而无业人员和社区居民倾向于不去医院确诊(P值均<0.05)。结论2015—2017年中国城市居民的肿瘤早诊断意识整体较好,职业、家庭年总收入、地区和人群分组是早诊断意识的相关因素。

Analysis on the consciousness of the early cancer diagnosis and its related factors among urban residents in China from 2015 to 2017

Objective To understand the consciousness of the cancer early diagnosis among urban residents and identify the related factors from 2015 to 2017.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 16 provinces covered by the Cancer Screening Program in Urban China from 2015 to 2017.A total of 32257 local residents aged≥18 years old who could understand the investigation procedure were included in the study by using the cluster sampling method and convenient sampling method.All local residents were categorized into four groups,which contained 15524 community residents,8016 cancer risk assessment/screening population,2289 cancer patients and 6428 occupational population,respectively.The general demographic characteristics,the consciousness of the cancer early diagnosis(whether people would have a willingness or encourage their relatives/friends to confirm the abnormal results once which were detected from the physical examination)and other information were collected by using the self-designed questionnaire.The non-conditional logistic regression model was used to identify the relateol factors related to the consciousness of the cancer early diagnosis.Results As for residents with abnormal result from the physical examination,89.29%(28802)of residents would choose to seek medical treatment for further diagnosis.If their relatives/friends had abnormal results from the physical examination,89.55%(28886)of residents would encourage their relatives/friends to confirm the diagnosis in time.The non-conditional logistic regression model analysis showed that compared with the public institution staff/civil servants,annual household income less than 20000 CNY,the western region and the cancer risk assessment/screening intervention population,the company staff,annual household income about 40000 CNY and more,and the residents from the middle and eastern region had a stronger consciousness to seek further diagnosis;while the unemployed residents and community residents were less likely to seek further diagnosis(P<0.05).Conclusions From 2015 to 2017,the Chinese urban residents had a good consciousness of the cancer early diagnosis.Occupation,annual household income,residential region and population group were related to the consciousness of the cancer early diagnosis.