非动脉炎型前部缺血性视神经病变的光相干断层扫描特征

目的 观察非动脉炎型前部缺血性视神经病变(NAl0N)患者视盘及盘周视网膜神经纤维(RNFL)厚度变化特征.方法 利用光相干断层扫描(OCT)对NA10N患者96例108只眼的视盘进行环形和十字交叉纵横扫描,分析患者视盘及盘周RNFL厚度变化.其中,水肿期96例96只眼,水肿消退期37例41只眼.同时选取单眼发病患者的84只对侧健康眼作为对照.随访时间2周～24个月,平均随访时间6个月. 结果视盘水肿期患者十字交叉纵横扫描显示,盘周RNFL较对侧健康眼增厚,59只眼非缺血区RNFL增厚更显著,即盘周RNFL厚度非缺血区大于缺血区,占视盘水肿期患者的61%,26只眼缺血区RNFL厚度大于非缺血区,非缺血区RNFL厚度在正常范围,占视盘水肿期患者的27%;11例11只眼盘周缺血区与非缺血区RNFL厚度无差异,隆起厚度均大于对侧健康眼厚度,占视盘水肿期患者的12%.十字交叉纵横扫描显示,除视杯狭窄较浅或无杯的形态外,其他与环形扫描一样均显示以视盘缺血区水肿消退最快,平均时间为2周左右,而非缺血区水肿消退时间为3～6周.水肿消退期患者在水肿消退1个月内视盘缺血区RNFL均变薄,其厚度低于非缺血区和对侧健康眼,占本期患者的95%;在水肿消退≥3个月时,26例患者整个盘周RNFL厚度≤对侧健康眼,视盘缺血区与非缺血区RNFL均表现为持续性萎缩性薄变,且盘周缺血区RNFL厚度薄于非缺血区;占本期患者的70%. 结论NAION水肿期盘周RNFL厚度较对侧健康眼增厚,且多数患者非缺血区高于缺血区;水肿消退期盘RNFL厚度均低于对侧健康眼.

The characteristics of optical coherence tomography on non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy

Objective To evaluate the changes of optic nerve head (ONH) and the thickness of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in patients with non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods Circular and cross-sectional OCT scans of an area with a diameter of 3.38 mm surrounding the optic disc were performed for 108 eyes (96 cases) with NAION, including 96 eyes (96 cases) in acute edema phase and 41 eyes (37 cases) in resolving phase. Follow-up period was 2 weeks to 24 months, with an average of 6 months. Results The RNFL was thickener with shallow cup or small cups in the acute edema phase. Comparing with the RNFL in the ischemic sector, the thickness of peripapillary RNFL in the non-ischemic sector was greater in 59 eyes (59 cases, 61%), lesser in 26 eyes (26 cases, 27%) and no difference in 11 eyes (11 cases, 12%). During the treatment NAION eyes were dynamically observed by OCT. While ischemie edema of the optic disc resolved in about two weeks, non-ischemic edema subsided in 3-6 weeks. After 1 month in the resolving phase, the thickness of peripapillary RNFL in the ischemic sector of 35 cases (95%) was thinner than the thickness of non-ischemic sector and fellow normal controls. After 3 month in the resolving phase, 26 cases (70%) showed thinner RNFL of whole optic disc. Conclusion The thickness of RNFL in NAION patientsin acute edema phase is thicker than that in the fellow normal eyes, and is also thicker in ischemic sector than that in non-ischemic sector. In resolving phase, the thickness of RNFL is thinner in NAION eyes than that in the fellow normal eyes.