海南省儿童碘营养水平分析

目的 分析海南省儿童碘营养相关指标分布特征及影响因素.方法 采用现况调查方法,对碘缺乏历史病区(简称病区)和非历史病区(简称非病区)8~10岁的2 699名儿童进行甲状腺检查并测定尿碘水平,Logistic回归分析碘营养适宜的影响因素.结果 病区儿童碘盐食用率、尿碘中位数、甲状腺肿大率分别为92.5%,196.2μg/L,6.0%,均高于非病区的48.5%,91.9μg/L,3.5%;不同居住地形、性别、民族的病区儿童碘盐食用率比非病区儿童高28.4%~46.7%,尿碘中位数亦高于非病区;尿碘<50μg/L的比例比非病区儿童低14.1%~20.0%,<100μg/L的比例比非病区儿童低27.8%~39.9%;Logistic回归分析表明,病区、食用碘盐与儿童碘营养适宜呈正相关(OR>1,P<0.001).结论 食盐加碘是碘营养改善的重要措施;病区儿童碘营养适宜,应重视非病区儿童(尤其是平原地区儿童)的碘营养问题.

Iodine nutrition status among children in Hainan province

Objective To analyze distribution charactedstics of iodine nutrition and its influencing factors among the children in Hainan province,Methods A cross-section study was conducted in the area with histodcal iodine deficiency (AHID)and the area without iodine deficiency(NID).Factors affecting iodine nutrition status was analyzd based on the results of urinary iodine detection and thyroid examinatiion of 2699 children between 8 and 10 years old.Results The iodized salt cover rate,the median of urinary iodine,rate of goiter among the children in AHID were 92.5%,196.2μg/L and 6.0%,respectively,higher than those in the children of NID(48.5%,91.9μg/L,3.5%).The iodized salt cover rates in the children with different housing geographical position,age and sex in AHID was between 28.4%-46.7%and higher than those of in NID.The urinary iodine medians for children in AHID were between 62.5-145.9μg/L and higher than those of children in NID.In AHID the proportions of clildren with urinary iodine less than 50μg/L were between 14.1% and 20.0%and that of less than 100μg/L were between 27.8%and 39.9%,both lower than that of the children in NID.Multi-factor logistic regression analysis showed positive correlations between iodine nutrition status and living in AHID and use of iodized salt(OR＞1,P＜0.001).Conclusion Salt iodine is the important measure to improve iedine nutrition.Iodine nutrition status in children in areas with historical iodine deficiency is appropriate and the iodine nutrition status among the children in the areas without iodine dificieney,especially in plains should be concerned.