2015～2019年某院耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌分布及耐药性分析

目的 了解耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)检出率变化趋势及分布特点,为感染防控和临床治疗提供依据.方法 回顾性分析2015～2019年某院从临床各类标本中分离获得的金黄色葡萄球菌(SA)和MRSA,统计其在各类标本和病区中的分布特点,并用K-B法测定该菌对常用抗菌药物的敏感性.结果 2015～2019年共分离出SA...

Distribution and drug resistance of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in a hospital from 2015 to 2019

Objective To understand the resistance and distribution characteristics of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) and provide basis for infection prevention and clinical anti-infection treatment. Methods The detection, infection characteristics, drug sensitivity test of staphylococcus aureus (SA) and MRSA in the Affiliated Hospital of Gansu Medical College from 2015 to 2019 were evaluated by the K-B method. Results From 2015 to 2019, a total of 1 241 strains of SA were isolated, including 108 strains (32.31%) of MRSA. Dynamic monitoring showed that the MRSA separation rate decreased from 39.26% in 2014 to 27.19% in 2018 (P<0.05). The detection rate of MRSA increased with the age of patients, and the detection rate of patients >65 years old was significantly higher than that of patients<40 years old (P<0.05). MRSA specimens were mainly from cerebrospinal fluid (41.18%), secretions (38.52%), sputum (35.11%) and whole blood (33.18%); the infection department mainly consisted of ICU (41.18%), neurosurgery (41.89%), and respiratory medicine (34.06%) and orthopedics burns (32.89%) more common. Drug sensitivity showed that the resistance of MRSA to penicillin was 100.00%, resistance to gentamicin, clindamycin and tetracycline was greater than 80%, for Moxifloxacin, Rifampicin, Amikacin and Compound of Sulfamethoxazole was between 40%~50%, and no MRSA strain resistant to Vancomycin or Linezolid was found. Dynamic testing showed that from 2015 to 2019 the resistance rate of MRSA to Levofloxacin and Moxifloxacin showed a downward trend, and Amikacin and Compound of Sulfamethoxazole an increased trend, and Rifampicin was basically stable. Conclusions The detection rate of MRSA in the hospital shows a downward trend. The ICU, neurosurgery, respiratory medicine and orthopedics burn department arehigh-risk departments. MRSA is multi-drug resistant, and no vancomycin-resistant MRSA strain has been found.