颈椎椎体的动脉供应

用解剖和透明的方法,观察了74例不同年龄新鲜尸体C_3～C_7椎体的动脉供应。 1.颈椎椎体主要接受椎动脉的供应。此外,在C_6和C_7尚接受甲状腺下动脉、颈深动脉、肋颈干、最上肋间动脉和锁骨下动脉发出的分支。这些动脉在椎体的前外侧面,构成梯形吻合;在背侧面,形成长方形或六边形吻合。 2.每个颈椎椎体的营养动脉,从其前外侧面和背侧面进入,可分为中央支和周围支两组:中央支主干直、无分支,仅末梢发出树枝状分支,伸向椎体中央的上、下、左、右各部,供应相当于髓核投影区部位的椎体;周围支短、分支早,位于椎体周围的骨质内,供应相当于纤维环投影区部位的椎体。 3.前外侧营养动脉的中央支为0～3支,周围支为2～13支;背侧营养动脉的中央支为0～2支,周围支为0～6支。在椎体内,这些动脉的分支互相吻合。所谓终动脉只出现于发育期椎体的软骨区。

THE ARTERIAL SUPPLY OF THE CERVICAL VERTEBRAL BODIES

The arterial supply of human cervical vertebral bodies (C_3-C_7) was studied in 74 fresh cadavers of different ages by dissection and translucent preparation. 1. The cervical vertebral bodies mainly obtain their blood supply from the vertebral artery, but the lower two (C_6-C_7) also receive their blood supply from the branches of the inferior thyroid, the deep cervical, the costocervical trunk, the highest intercostal and the subclavian artery. These arteries form a ladder-like anastomosis on the anterolateral surface of the vertebral bodies, and a rectangular or hexagonal anastomosis on the dorsal surface. 2. The nutrient arteries enter the vertebral body from the anterolateral and dorsal aspects. They can be divided into the central branches which reach the center of the body and the peripheral ones which lie on the peripheral part of the body. Each of the central branches appears as a straight, unbranching stem. Their centrifugal terminals at the center of the body are arborized and extend to the upper, lower, left and right part of the body to supply the central core of the vertebral body which corresponds to the area of the nucleus pulposus. The peripheral branches, short and early branched, supply the peripheral part of the vertebral body which corresponds to the area of the annulus fibrous. 3. The number of the central branches on the anterolateral aspect varies between 0-3 and that on the dorsal aspect is 0-2. The number of the peripheral branches on the anterolateral aspect is 2-13 and that on the dorsal aspect is 0-6. These branches anastomose with each other within the body of the vertebra. The end artery only appears in the developing cartilaginous regions of the body.