脊柱胸腰段薄层断层解剖及临床意义

目的：明确脊柱胸腰段冠状、矢状和横断面解剖学特点，探索薄层断层切片在观测各髓节及脊神经根走行过程的临床应用价值。方法：采用40具成人脊柱胸腰段标本经改良火棉胶包埋法处理，制作16具冠状、8具矢状和16具横位的0．25mm厚连续切片，观察脊神经根走行于侧椎管和椎间管不同区段的解剖关系和椎间孔韧带分布特征，并直接测量相关结构参数。结果：观测了脊柱胸腰段A、B、C、D经4区横断层面、经椎间管内口矢状层面、经两侧椎弓根中心冠状层面的形态和相关参数。结论：三种方位断层切片可较好显示诸多结构位置关系，对脊髓或脊神经源性疾病诊疗和正确辨认手术视野所见具有重要价值。

Lamellar Cross-sectional Anatomy of Thoracolumbar Vertebrae and Its Clinical Significance

Objective:To identify the anatomic features of thoracolumbar vertebrae on coronal, sagittal and transverse sections respectively and investigate the values of clinical application of slices of lamellar cross-sectional anatomy in observing structural relationship of each myelomere or spinal nerve root.Methods: Adult thoracolumbar vertebrae specimens were made into serially coronal, sagittal and transverse sections (0.25 millimetre thickness) by using the techniques of improved celloidin embedding. The anatomical characteristics of spinal nerve and ligaments within lateral canalis vertebralis,intervertebrae foramina of were surveyed by means of naked eyes or microscopic lens of lower power.The objective structural parameters were measured by using some instruments. Results: Morphus and related data of A,B,C and D transverse sections,Saggital section through center of bilateral pedicle of vertebral arch were surveyed respectively.Conclusions: The position and relationship of various structures can be clearly displayed on the coronal, sagittal and transverse sections, which would provide anatomic evidence in accurately identifying above-mentioned structures during the operations and be helpful to diagnosis and treatment for diseases derived from spinal cord or spinal nerve root.