广州市海珠区居民健康素养及其影响因素调查研究

目的 调查广州市海珠区居民健康素养状况及其影响因素,为今后开展有针对性的健康素养促进工作提供依据.方法 采用多阶段随机抽样的方法,对海珠区36个社区居委的864名成年居民进行面对面的问卷调查,并采用频数、x2检验和Logistics回归分析方法进行分析.结果 （1）该区居民具有良好健康素养的比例为12.8％; （2）该区居民具有基本知识与理念素养、健康生活方式与行为素养和基本健康技能素养的人口比例分别为1 9.0％、8.7％和46.0％; （3）该区居民具有科学健康观、传染病预防、慢性病预防、安全与急救和基本医疗5类健康素养的人口比例分别为22.6％、36.7％、12.4％、75.9％和77.5％;（4）女性、55～65岁年龄组、机关/事业单位人员和高学历人群倾向于具有较高的健康素养（P＜0.05）.结论 该区居民的总体健康素养水平较低,在健康素养3个方面和5类健康相关素养中,健康生活方式、行为素养及慢性病预防相关素养较低,应开展有针对性的健康素养促进工作.

Study on the Status and Influencing Facters of Health Literacy among the Residents in Haizhu District of Guangzhou

OBJECTIVE To understand the status and influencing factors of health literacy among the residents in Haizhu District of Guangzhou, and to provide evidence for the targeted health literacy promotion for the future. METHODS 864 adults were sampled from 36 communities in Haizhu District, with a multistage random sampling method. A face-to-face interview was used to collect the status of health literacy among them by a closed questionnaire. The Chi-square analysis and binary logistic regression model were used to analyze the related influencing factors of health literacy. RESULTS （1）The overall level of health literacy among residents in Haizhu District was 12.8%. （2）19.0%, 8.7% and 46.0% of the residents were in the possession of basic health knowledge and concept literacy, healthy lifestyle and behaviors literacy, and health related skills literacy respectively. （3）On the aspect of 5 categories of health literacy, the proportions of the residents who are in the possession of scientific view of health, prevention of infectious diseases, prevention of noninfectious chronic disease, safety and first aid, and basic medical treatment amount to 22.6%, 36.7%, 12.4%, 75.9% and 77.5%. （4）The populations of women, the 55~65 age group, ones whom work in the government, public institution and medical institutions, and the higher educated people tended to be a higher level of health literacy（P〈0.05）. CONCLUSIONS The residents in Haizhu District were considered to be at a low level of health literacy. Considering healthy lifestyle and behavior literacy as well as the prevention of noninfectious chronic disease literacy were still at a low level, it is necessary to carry out the targeted work of health literacy promotion.