Orem自理理论对免疫性血小板减少症患儿心理干预效果的影响

目的 分析Orem自理理论对免疫性血小板减少症(ITP)患儿心理干预效果的影响.方法 选取2014年1月至2016年8月期间在徐州市儿童医院接受治疗的ITP患儿386例,采取随机数字表法将患儿分成对照组和实验组,对照组给予一般常规护理,实验组在对照组的基础上运用Orem自理理论进行护理干预,制订个体化的护理措施及合理的自理计划,比较两组患儿的自我管理水平、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)及汉密尔顿抑郁自评量表(HAMD)和满意程度.结果 实验组症状管理、情绪管理、信息管理、日常生活管理、自我效能评分均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(t值分别为2.253、2.364、2.320、2.157、2.253,均P<0.05);护理干预后,实验组患者的评分均低于对照组(HAMA:10±3和15±4;HAMD:13±2和19±3),t值分别为2.324和2.205,均P<0.05;实验组和对照组总满意率分别为91.19%和70.47%,实验组高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=8.367,P<0.05).结论 Orem自理理论应用于ITP患儿,能够提高患儿自我管理水平,能够改善患儿的抑郁、焦虑状态,干预效果良好.

Effect of Orem self-care theory on psychological intervention in children with immune thrombocytopenia

Objective To explore the effect of Orem self-care theory on psychological intervention in children with immune thrombocytopenia ( ITP) . Methods Totally 386 cases of ITP treated in Xuzhou Children ' s Hospital were selected in the period from January 2014 to August 2016, and random number table method was used to divide cases into control group and experimental group. The control group was given routine nursing, while the experimental group received nursing intervention with Orem self-care theory based on the application in the control group and individualized nursing measures and reasonable care plan. Two groups were compared in the aspects of self-management level, Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA),Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression(HAMD)and satisfaction. Results The symptoms management, emotional management, information management, daily life management and self-efficacy scores were higher in the experimental group than in the control group with statistical differences ( t value was 2. 253, 2. 364, 2. 320, 2. 157 and 2. 253, respectively, all P<0. 05). After nursing scores of HAMA and HAMD were lower in the experimental group than in the control group (HAMA:10 ± 3 and 15 ± 4, respectively, HAMD:13 ± 2 and 19 ± 3, respectively), and t value was 2. 324 and 2. 205, respectively, with both P<0. 05. The total satisfaction rate of the experimental group and the control group were 91. 19% and 70. 47%, respectively, which was higher in the experimental group than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =8. 367,P<0. 05). Conclusion Application of Orem self-care theory in children with ITP can enhance children ' s self-management level and improve depression and anxiety situation with satisfied intervention effect.