江苏省成年人二手烟暴露及相关危害认知情况调查

目的了解江苏省成年人二手烟暴露水平及对二手烟导致疾病的认知情况。方法依托2013年中国慢性病及其危险因素监测项目,按照多阶段分层整群抽样的方法,在江苏省的14个成人慢性病及其危险因素监测点选取≥18岁居民进行问卷调查,并对其二手烟暴露水平及相关危害认知情况进行分析。结果共调查不吸烟者6352人,二手烟暴露率为47.7%,苏北居民二手烟暴露率是苏南的1.324倍,60~69岁和≥70岁组暴露率分别是18~29岁的59.9%和32.0%,已婚/同居者的暴露率是未婚者的1.719倍(P均<0.05)。二手烟暴露会造成严重疾病的知晓率为70.5%,二手烟暴露会造成3种疾病的知晓率为29.7%,城乡、区域、文化程度、年龄是二手烟相关知晓率的影响因素(P均<0.05)。知晓二手烟暴露会造成严重疾病者的二手烟暴露率是不知晓者的1.283倍(95%CI:1.138~1.440,P<0.001),知晓二手烟暴露会造成3种疾病者的二手烟暴露率是不知晓者的83.2%(95%CI:0.742~0.933,P<0.001)。结论江苏省成年人二手烟暴露水平较高,对二手烟的危害认知缺乏,今后应继续加大控烟力度,加强烟草危害宣传。

Survey on the exposure level of second-hand smoking and related risk awareness among adults in Jiangsu Province

Objective To understand the exposure level of second-hand smoking and awareness of second-hand smoking related diseases among adults in Jiangsu Province. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among residents aged 18 years and above in 14 surveillance sites were selected by a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method, which was based on 2013 Chinese Chronic Disease and Risk Factors Surveillance. Second-hand smoking exposure levels and related risk awareness were analyzed. Results A total of 6352 non-smokers were investigated, and the exposure rate of second-hand smoking was 47. 7%. The exposure rate among residents in northern Jiangsu was 1. 324 times that of southern Jiangsu. The exposure rate of second-hand smoking among those groups aged 60 - 69 and M70 was 59. 9% and 32. 0% of those in group aged 18 - 29 , respectively. The exposure rate among married/cohabited participants was 1.719 limes that of unmarried counterparts ( all P <0. 05). The awareness rate of second-hand smoking related serious diseases was 70. 5%, and the awareness rate of second-hand smoking related 3 diseases was 29. 7%. Urban and rural areas, regions, education level and age were the influencing factors of awareness rate ( all P <0. 05). Those who were aware second-hand smoking related serious diseases had 1.283 times of those who were unaware (95% CI: 1. 138 - 1.440, P < 0. 001 ), and those who were aware of second-hand smoking exposure related three diseases had 83. 2% of those who were unaware ( 95% CI: 0. 742- 0.933, P<0.001). Conclusion The exposure level of second-hand smoking is high in Jiangsu Province, and the risk awareness of second-hand smoking is lack. Tobacco control efforts and mass communication should be strengthened in future.