抚触联合早期微量喂养预防早产儿喂养不耐受的效果

目的探讨抚触联合早期微量喂养预防早产儿喂养不耐受的效果。方法方便性抽样选取2008年11月至2009年11月在山东大学附属省立医院新生儿重症监护室住院的早产儿93例。按随机数字表法随机分为三组:A组(31例)、B组(31例)、C组(31例)。A组早期给予微量喂养,同时给予抚触;B组早期给予微量喂养,C组为对照组,给予常规治疗和护理,24h以后开始喂养。观察三组早产儿的摄入奶量、体重、达足量肠内喂养时间及喂养不耐受发生情况。结果 A组、B组较C组每日摄入更多奶量及热卡(均P0.01),A组较B组每日摄入更多奶量及热卡(均P0.01);A组较B组、C组更快恢复出生体重(均P0.01);A组每日体重增长较B组、C组快(均P0.01),A组、B组胃肠外营养时间与C组相比明显缩短(均P0.01),A组达足量肠内喂养时间较C组更早(P0.01),A组喂养不耐受发生率(19.4%)较B组(51.6%)、C组(74.2%)低(均P0.01)。结论抚触配合早期微量喂养能促进早产儿胃肠功能更快地发育与成熟,改善胃肠动力,提高早产儿胃肠道喂养的耐受性。

Effects of Touch and Early Minimal Enteral Feeding on Feeding Intolerance in Preterm Infants

Objective To evaluate the effects of touch and early minimal feeding on feeding intolerance in premature infants. Methods From November 2008 to November 2009,preterm infants were randomly di- vided into groups A（n=31） ,group B（n=31） and group C（n=31）. Preterm infants of group A started ear- ly minimal enteral feeding and touch after birth. Preterm infants of group B started early minimal enteral feeding after birth. Preterm infants of C group（control group） started the routine treatment and nursing 24h after birth. Close observations were conducted on preterm infants＇ intake of milk,body weight,time to sufficient quantities of enteral feeding and the occurrences of feeding intolerance among the three groups. Results The preterm infants of group A and group B took significantly more milk and caloric than group C （P（0.01）. The preterm infants of group A took significantly less time in regaining birth weight than group B and group C（P（0.01）. The preterm infants of group A daily gained more weight than group B and group C（P（0.01）. parenteral nutrition（PN） time of group A and group B was significantly shorter than that of group C（P〈0.01）. The preterm infants of group A reached sufficient quantities of enteral feeding earlier than the group C（P（0.01）. The incidence of feeding intolerance of group A（19.40/oo） was lower than those in group B（51.6%）and group C（74.2%）（P〈0.01）. Conclusion Touch and early mini- mal enteral feeding can promote gastrointestinal function for faster development and mature earlier, and improve their gastrointestinal motility,and enhance the tolerance of enteral feeding in preterm infants.