广州市中老年居民植物甾醇摄入状况调查

目的调查广州市社区中老年人群膳食植物甾醇的摄入状况，分析不同性别人群不同类别植物甾醇的摄人状况和食物来源。方法采取分层整群随机抽样方法，使用食物频数法调查599位45-65岁居民（男性222人，女性377人）的膳食状况，依据国内文献发表的食物中植物甾醇含量计算居民膳食植物甾醇的摄入量。结果研究对象的植物甾醇摄入量为（336．36±142．88）mg／d，其中β-谷甾醇（218．53±95．20）mg／d，菜油甾醇（48．33±23．69）mg／d，豆甾醇（36．40±14．38）mg／d，β-谷甾烷醇（30．65±13．62）mg／d，菜油甾烷醇（4．67±2．77）mg／d。女性植物甾醇摄入量显著高于男性[（345．45±141．06）mg／d比（320．93±144．95）mg／d，P=0．0425]。膳食中植物甾醇的主要来源是植物油类（37．2％）、蔬菜类（19．8％）、谷类（18．5％）和水果类（12．5％）。每兆焦能量中植物甾醇摄人量为（42．94±15．66）mg，摄入能量相同时，女性植物甾醇摄入量显著高于男性[（46．04±15．90）ms／1000kJ比（37．69±13．76）mg／1000kJ，P=0．0000]。结论广州中老年女性植物甾醇摄入量高于男性。

Survey on dietary intake of phytosterols in middle-aged and elderly populations in Guangzhou

Objective To investigate the dietary intake of phytosterols in middle-aged and elderly residents in Guangzhou. Methods The dietary data were collected from 599 middle-aged and elderly residents （222 men and 377 women） recruited by stratified cluster random sampling in Guangzhou. All the subjects were surveyed using Food Frequency Questionnaire （FFQ）. The dietary intake of phytosterols was estimated using Chinese data of phytosterol composition of a range of foods. Results The dietary intake of total phytosterols was 336. 36±142. 88 mg/d, which included β-sitosterol 218.53±95.20 mg/d, eampesterol 48.33±23.69 mg/d, stigmasterol 36. 40 ± 14. 38 mg/d, β-sitostanol 30. 65 ± 13.62 rag/d, and campestanol 4.67 ± 2. 77 mg/d. Women had a signifieantly higher intake of phytosterols than men [ （345.45 ± 141.06） mg/d vs. （320. 93 ± 144. 95） mg/d, P =0. 0425 ]. Edible oil, vegetable, cereal, and fruit were the four major food sources of phytosterels; representing 37.2%, 19. 8%, 18.5%, and 12. 5% of the total phytosterols intake respectively. Energy-adjusted intake of phytosterols was （42. 94 ± 15.66） mg/1000 kJ, and women had a significantly higher intake than men [ （46.04 ± 15.90） mg/ 1000 kJ vs. （37.69 ± 13.76） mg/1000 kJ, P =0. 0000]. Conclusion Among the middle-aged and elderly residents in Guangzhou, women have higher phytosterols intake than men.