正常及妊娠期高血压疾病胎盘组织中单胺类递质的相关研究

目的:通过对正常孕妇及妊娠期高血压疾病孕妇胎盘组织中去甲肾上腺素(NE)、5-羟色胺(5-HT)及多巴胺(DA)的测定,探讨其与妊娠期高血压疾病发病的关系。方法:应用免疫组织化学(免疫组化)链霉素抗生物素-过氧化物酶法,对31例正常早、中、晚孕妇女(正常孕妇组),及38例妊娠高血压、轻度子痫前期、重度子痫前期孕妇的胎盘组织进行NE和DA定位及定量。结果:①定位:正常孕妇组中,早期孕妇的胚胎绒毛滋养细胞NE、DA及5-HT免疫反应呈现强阳性,定位于细胞滋养细胞的细胞膜及细胞浆中;中、晚期孕妇为阳性,定位于合体滋养细胞的细胞膜及细胞浆,以及毛细血管内皮。妊娠期高血压疾病孕妇组定位同正常组。②定量:正常孕妇组NE由孕早期的1.595±0.018降至中、晚期的1.488±0.019和1.419±0.014(P<0.01);DA由孕早期的1.552±0.067,降至中、晚期的1.369±0.051和1.302±0.013(P<0.01),5-HT由孕早期的1.497±0.022升至中、晚期的1.538±0.017和1.554±0.013(P<0.01)。妊娠期高血压疾病组依据病情程度不同DA依次为1.378±0.029、1.305±0.023和1.237±0.024(P<0.01);NE依次为1.494±0.018、1.624±0.014和1.917±0.044(P<0.01),5-HT依次为1.411±0.034、1.374±0.017和1.324±0.014(P<0.01)。结论:正常孕妇组孕早期胎盘组织单胺类递质定位于绒毛滋养细胞中,于孕中、晚期则定位于合体滋养细胞中,正常孕妇组NE及DA含量随孕周增加而逐渐降低,5-HT逐渐升高。妊娠期高血压疾病孕妇组胎盘组织的定位同正常孕妇组的孕晚期相同,NE及5-HT含量随妊娠期高血压疾病病情加重而逐渐升高,DA含量则相反。

Related research on monoamine transmitters in placental tissues of normal pregnancy and hypertension during pregnancy

Objective:To explore the relationship between norepinephrine (NE),5-hydroxy tryptamine (5-HT),dopamine (DA) and pathogenesis of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy (HDCP) by detecting the levels of NE,5-HT and DA in placental tissues of normal pregnant women and women with HDCP.Methods:Immunohistochemical streptomycin and antibiotin-peroxidase method was used to detect NE and DA quantitatively and qualitatively in placental tissues from 31 normal pregnant women of early,middle and late pregnancy (normal pregnancy group),38 women of gestational hypertension,mild preeclampsia and severe preeclampsia.Results:Location:in normal pregnancy group,NE,5-HT and DA located in cell membrane and cytoplasm of cytotrophoblast in early pregnant women and cell membrane and cytoplasm of syncytiotrophoblast and endothelium of capillary vessel in middle and late pregnant women;the locations of NE,5-HT and DA in gestational hypertension group were as well as normal pregnancy group.Quantification:in normal pregnancy group,the level of NE reduced from (1.595 ± 0.018) (early pregnancy group) to (1.488 ± 0.019) (middle pregnancy group),(1.419 ± 0.014) (late pregnancy group) (P <0.01) ;the level of DA reduced from (1.552 ±0.067) (early pregnancy group) to (1.369 ±0.051) (middle pregnancy group),(1.302 ± 0.013) (late pregnancy group) (P < 0.01) ;the level of 5-HT increased from (1.497 ± 0.022) (early pregnancy group) to (1.538 ± 0.017) (middle pregnancy group),(1.554 ± 0.013) (late pregnancy group) (P < 0.01).In gestational hypertension group,according to degree of hypertension,the levels of DA were (1.378 ± 0.029),(1.305 ± 0.023) and (1.237 ± 0.024) (P <0.01) ;the levels of NE were (1.494 ± 0.018),(1.624 ± 0.014) and (1.917 ± 0.044) (P < 0.01) ;the levels of 5-HT were (1.411 ±0.034),(1.374 ±0.017) and (1.324 ±0.014) (P <0.01).Conclusion:In normal pregnancy group,monoamine transmitters locate in villous trophoblast during early pregnancy and syncytiotrophoblast during middle and late pregnancy,the levels of NE and DA decrease with gestational weeks,while the level of 5-HT increases;the locations of NE,5-HT and DA in placental tissues of gestational hypertension group are as well as normal late pregnancy group,the levels of NE and DA increase with gestational weeks,while the level of 5-HT decrease.