上海市某水厂水源水深度处理前后的水质变化

目的了解上海市某区医疗机构水质处理器的使用情况及卫生状况。方法选取某区使用水质处理器的20家综合类医疗机构和17家其他医疗机构(含门诊部)，对其使用的水质处理器进行卫生状况调查，调查内容包括水质处理器的制水工艺、日常使用情况、设置环境、日常维护情况等。并采用单纯随机抽查法，抽检水质处理器出水的水质，检测指标包括总大肠菌群、细菌总数、浑浊度、耗氧量、铅和砷。结果医疗机构在水质处理器卫生管理方面存在的主要问题为出水水质缺乏定期检测和公示、设备周围未安装视频监控、设备周围10 m内存在污染源，合格率分别为38.7%、52.9%、74.7%。水质处理器出水的耗氧量总合格率较低，为78.9%。反渗透工艺的水质处理器耗氧量合格率低于超滤工艺设备，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。原水经处理后，浑浊度、耗氧量检测值均有下降，水质处理器出水和原水比较差异有统计学意义(P < 0.01)。结论上海市某区医疗机构使用的水质处理器尚存在卫生问题，应加强医疗机构饮用水水处理设备的管理。

Iron pipe corrosion in distribution systems

ObjectiveTo investigate the use and hygiene of water quality processors in medical institutions of a district in Shanghai.MethodsTwenty comprehensive medical institutions and 17 other medical institutions (including outpatient departments) using water quality processors in a district of Shanghai were selected to investigate the hygienic conditions of the water quality processors.The investigation covered the water treatment process, daily use, setting environment, daily maintenance and so on.The water quality was detected by random sampling method.The detection indexes included total coliform bacteria, total bacteria, turbidity, oxygen consumption, lead and arsenic.ResultsThe main problems in the use of water quality processors in medical institutions were the lack of regular inspection and publicity of water quality, the absence of video monitoring around the equipment and the presence of pollution sources within 10 meters around the equipment.The qualified rate was 38.7%, 52.9% and 74.7% respectively.According to the statistics of the sampling inspection data of the effluent from the water quality processor, the total qualified rate of the oxygen consumption index was 78.9%.There was significant difference in the oxygen consumption qualification rate between reverse osmosis process and ultrafiltration process in medical institutions(P < 0.05).The qualification rate of reverse osmosis process was lower than that of ultrafiltration process.The turbidity and oxygen consumption of raw water decreased after treatment.There was significant difference in turbidity and oxygen consumption between effluent and raw water of water quality processor(P < 0.01).ConclusionThere are hygienic problems found in water quality processors used by medical institutions in a district of Shanghai.It is suggested to strengthen the management of drinking water treatment equipment in medical institutions.