MRI can be used to assess advanced T-stage colon carcinoma as well as rectal carcinoma

Purpose

To evaluate the feasibility of assessing advanced T-stage (T3–T4) colorectal carcinomas by correlating MRI with histopathological findings.

Materials and methods

The study population comprised 31 patients with 32 lesions (22 colon and 10 rectal carcinomas). The relationship between the tumor and bowel layers on T2- and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images (T2WI, CE-T1WI), bowel wall deformity, and the linear architecture of subserosal fat on T2WI scans was independently assessed by two radiologists. Diagnostic ability and interobserver agreement were evaluated using Fisher’s exact test and kappa statistics, respectively.

Results

The sensitivity/specificity for disrupting the outer layer on T2WI scans for the differentiation between Tis–T2 and T3–T4 colorectal carcinoma was 100/75 % (p < 0.05) for both observers; on CE-T1WI, it was 88.0/50 % (p = 0.13) for one and 96.0/50 % (p = 0.11) for the other. The sensitivity/specificity for recognizing the reticulated linear architecture to distinguish T3 from T4 colon carcinoma was 83.3/84.6 % (p < 0.05) for one reader and 100/92.3 % (p < 0.05) for the other reader.

Conclusion

Disruption of the outer low-intensity layer on T2WI scans was the most important finding for the diagnosis of T3–T4 colorectal carcinoma. The reticulated linear architecture of the fat tissue was suggestive of T4 colon carcinoma.