单相抑郁与双相抑郁障碍临床特征的对照研究

目的探讨单相抑郁与双相抑郁障碍的临床特征和现象学上的异同。方法以单相抑郁144例和双相抑郁96例为研究对象，对两者一般资料及临床特征进行对照分析，以基线和治疗6周时汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）总分评价疗效。结果单相抑郁患者中家族史阳性率低，合并焦虑、自杀意念多见，治疗6周时总有效率为72．2％，而双相抑郁患者中伴激越、精神病性症状、不典型抑郁症状突出，治疗6周时总有效率为52．1％。结论单相抑郁与双相抑郁临床特征及现象学方面有所不同，单相抑郁治疗效果更好。发病年龄早、有家族史、外向个性、临床表现伴不典型抑郁表现等因素可能提示为双相抑郁。

Comparative study on clinical features of bipolar and unipolar depression

Objective:To study the difference in the clinical features between bipolar and unipolar depression.Methods:One hundred and forty-four patients with unipolar depression and 96 patients with bipolar depression were compared to their clinical features and general demorgraphic information.At the time of admission and after 6 weeks treatment Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)were assessed and the total score of HAMD were compared.Results:The suicidal behavior and anxiety were obvious in unipolar depression,while family history and psychotic symptoms and agitation were obvious in bipolar depression.The total effective rate after 6 weeks treatment was 72.2% in unipolar depression and 52.1% in bipolar depression respectively.Conclusion:The clinical feature of unipolar and bipolar depression was different.The curative effect of unipolar depression was better than bipolar depression.Early onset,with family history,extroversion personality and atypical depression are main factors predict bipolar depression.