石斛中微量元素的含量测定及其安全性评价

目的：建立测定石斛中微量元素含量的方法,从微量元素层面分析铁皮石斛、金钗石斛、流苏石斛、鼓槌石斛、球花石斛、迭鞘石斛的安全性,并探讨微量元素与石斛抗白内障、降血糖作用的关系。方法：采用电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）法测定各石斛样品中6种必需微量元素镁、铁、锌、锰、铬、硒和5种重金属元素铜、砷、铅、汞、镉的含量,并对微量元素进行安全性评价和药效关系探讨。结果：所测样品中6种必需微量元素含量丰富,5种重金属元素中铅、镉、汞均有不同程度的超标现象。结论：《中国药典》中规定的12g·d-1石斛服用量所包含的微量元素符合美国食品和药物管理局每日微量元素推荐摄入量,不会引起必需微量元素中毒症。石斛中有害重金属含量不容乐观,建议加强中药的无公害种植。石斛中丰富的镁、锌、铁、锰、硒、铬微量元素可能与其抗白内障、降血糖作用有关。

Content Determination of Trace Elements in Dendorbii Caulis and Safety Evaluation of It

OBJECTIVE： To establish the method for the content determination of trace element in Dendrobii Caulis,and to analyze the safety of Dendrobium officinale, D. nobile, D. fimbriatum, D. chrysotoxum, D. thyrsiflorum, and D. aurantiacum in term of trace elements, and to explore the relationship of trace elements with anti-cataracta and hypoglycemic effect of Dendrobii Caulis. METHODS： The contents of 6 essential trace elements Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cr, Se and 5 heavy metal elements Cu, As, Pb, Hg and Cd in Dendrobii Caulis samples was determined by ICP-MS. The safety of trace elements was evaluated and pharmacodynamic relationship was investigated. RESULTS： The contents of 6 essential trace elements were rich in sample, while 5 heavy metal trace elements were beyond the permitted values. CONCLUSION： The trace elements of Dendrobii Caulis 12 g·d-1 stated in Chinese Pharmacopeia is in line with daily trace element intake recommended by FDA and cannot cause essential trace element toxipathy, while the toxic heavy metal trace elements is far from optimistic. It is suggested to strengthen pollution-free plant of TCM. There is possible relationship between the content of Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cr, Se and anti-cataracta and hypoglycemic effect.