吸毒人群尿液血液标本HIV-1抗体ELISA检测对比分析

目的　用酶联免疫吸附试验 (ELISA)检测吸毒人群尿液标本中艾滋病病毒 1型 (HIV 1 )抗体 ,与血清学检测结果进行比较。方法　采集某市劳教所吸毒者尿液、血液标本 354例 ,HIV 1抗体阳性吸毒者复检尿液标本1 9例 ,共计 373例。应用ELISA初筛试剂检测尿液及血液标本中HIV 1抗体 ,阳性者取其血液标本进一步用Genelabs试剂做蛋白印迹 (WB)试验确认。结果　尿液、血液标本中检测HIV 1抗体的特异性为 99 72 % ,尿试剂的假阳性率为 0 2 8% ;血液标本HIV 1抗体阳性者 ,尿液标本检测也呈阳性 ,灵敏度为 1 0 0 %。结论　尿液标本用ELISA方法检测HIV 1抗体与血液标本ELISA方法的检出率有高度的一致性。尿试剂适用于对高危人群进行尿液HIV 1抗体的筛查工作

Comparative analysis of HIV-1 antibodies in urine and sera samples of drug users detected by ELISA

Objective To evaluate HIV 1 antibodies in urine samples of drug users by ELISA kit in comparison with screening tests in sera samples Methods HIV 1 antibodies were tested by ELISA in the sera and urine samples collected from 373 drug users,of which 19 urine samples were confirmed by WB as HIV 1 positive and 354 were confirmed by ELISA as HIV 1 negative Results Of the 354 urine samples from HIV 1 negative individuals,only one was shown to be HIV 1 positive and the rest samples were negative None of the 19 urine samples was shown to be HIV 1 negative Taking the results of the counterpart sera samples tested as standard control,the sensitivity of the urine ELISA kit was 100%,and its specificity was 99 71% Conclusion The findings of HIV 1 antibody test by ELISA kit in urine samples are consistent with those by ELISA kit in sera samples,so urine samples can be used to screen HIV 1 antibodies in high risk groups if sera samples are unavailable