直肠类癌的诊治现状

直肠类癌属潜在恶性肿瘤,长期以来,一直认为直肠类癌罕见,近年来发现其发病率有增高趋势,临床并不少见,可能与结肠镜技术的进步与人们认识水平的提高有关.由于直肠类癌具有恶变倾向,临床表现无特异性,因此必须重视对它的早期诊断、治疗与随访.直肠类癌的诊断有较高的误诊率,良恶性的判断有时较难把握.目前外科手术是唯一有效的治疗方法,对于手术方式的选择,国内外尚无统一标准,因此总结直肠类癌的诊断及治疗近况具有重要的意义.

Current status of diagnosis and treatment of rectal carcinoids

Rectal carcinoid tumors are potential malignant and have been considered to be rare for a long time.But in recent years,the incidence has been increasing gradually,maybe due to the development of endoscopic technology,the widespread use of endoscopy for screening and the raising level of awareness.Because of the malignant tendency,early diagnosis and treatment are the most important things for patients.Nowadays,the misdiagnosis rate is still high and it is difficult to make differential diagnosis between benign and malignant tumors.The efficiency of chemotherapy and radiotherapy is not clear.Surgery is the only effective method,but there is no uniform standard for the choice of operation.At present,it is appropriate to consider tumor size,depth of invasion,lymph node,pathological type and other risk factors to determine a surgical modality.Colonoscopy is recognized to be the best means by follow-up and should be carried out regulady in a longer period of time.Therefore,it is important to summarize the diagnosis and treatment of rectal carcinoid.