家兔肺动脉栓塞模型的制备

目的通过建立家兔肺动脉栓塞动物模型，来评价64层螺旋CT诊断肺动脉栓塞的价值。方法成年健康中国大耳白兔10只，体重2．5～3．5kg，抽取耳缘静脉血1ml制备自体血栓，建立肺动脉栓塞模型后进行64排蜾旋CT肺血管造影（64-SCTPA）数据采集。结果10只实验兔其中1只由于栓塞过量未取得数据，其余9只实验兔均成功地制备肺栓塞动物模型。家免动脉直径相差较大，膈叶动脉与尖叶动脉，心叶动脉及右肺中间叶动脉同为3级动脉，但直径存在较大差异（P〈0．05）。CT肺动脉造影共检出肺动脉血管171支，肺动脉直径〉3．0mm肺动脉45支，2．0—3．0mm肺动脉18支，1．5～2．0mm肺动脉36支，〈1．5mm肺动脉72支。家兔叶、段级肺动脉同级动脉直径存在显著差异，并且差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论家兔肺塞模型是一种方便经济、安全有效的方法，为肺栓塞动物模型的制作提供了一种可行的方案。64SCTPA是一种无创、高敏感性血管成像技术，可清晰显示直径〉1．5mm的5—6级肺动脉分支。用热处理后的自体血凝块夹杂线头标记物作栓塞剂，安全稳定。

Preparation of pulmonary artery embolism in rabbits

Objective To establish the model of rabbit pulmonary artery embolism in order to evaluate the diagnostic value of 64-slices spiral CT pulmonary angiography （64-SCTPA） for pulmonary embolism （PE）. Methods 10 healthy white rabbits weighted 2.5 - 3.5kg were drew 1ml blood from the ear vein to prepare the autologous thrombus and were transcathetered via the left jugular vein to establish the models of PE. The 64-SCTPA scanning was performed to get the experimental data. Results There was only one animal failed to get the data because of excessive embolism, the models of PE were successfully established in the other 9 animals. There were totally 171 pulmonary arteries detected by 64-SCTPA, there were 45 pulmonary arteries whose diameters were over 3.0ram, 18 pulmonary arteries between 2.0 - 3.0mm, 18 pulmonary arteries between 1. 5 - 2. 0mm, 72 pulmonary arteries were shorter than 1.5mm. There were significant differences among the diameters of the same branches of lobe and segment pulmonary arteries of the rabbits （ P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion The model of rabbit pulmonary artery embolism is an effective, economical and safe way, which provides a feasible plan for the preparation of animal model of pulmonary artery embolism. The 64-SCTPA is a high sensitive and micro-invasion angiographic technique, which can clearly reveal fifth to sixth degree branches of pulmonary artery whose diameters is over 1.5mm. It is feasible to use the thermal treatment autologous thrombus mixed with thread as the embolic agents.