宫内生长迟缓对新生幼鼠胃肠发育的影响

为了解宫内生长迟缓（ＩＵＧＲ）新生儿胃肠发育状况，分别采用妊娠第１（Ｓ１）、第１７（Ｓ１７）日母鼠饥饿饲养，直至分娩以及正常妊娠第１７日子宫动脉结扎（ＵＡＬ）建立ＩＵＧＲ模型，运用生物体视学技术对新生幼鼠的胃肠组织切片定量分析。结果显示，小于胎龄（ＳＧＡ）新生幼鼠胃肠重量、长度及组织结构多项指标明显低于正常新生幼鼠；Ｓ１组胃肠发育受损程度轻于Ｓ１７组，两组小肠粘膜吸收面积无显著性差异；ＵＡＬ组胃肠重量、胃肠粘膜体积、小肠粘膜吸收面积低于Ｓ１７组；直线相关分析发现，ＳＧＡ新生幼鼠胃、肠重量与体重呈正相关，相关系数分别为０．６９及０．７３；而小肠长度以及胃肠相对重量与身长呈正相关，相关系数分别为０．６４及０．６８。提示：（１）ＩＵＧＲ对胎鼠胃肠发育产生了不良影响；（２）作为推测ＳＧＡ新生幼鼠胃肠发育状况的指标，身长优于体重；（３）ＩＵＧＲ发生时期、原因不同的ＳＧＡ新生幼鼠，可以出现不同的胃肠发育损害。

The effects of timing and causes of IUGR on gastrointestinal tract in newborn rats

To demonstrate the developmental status of gastrointestine (GI) of newborns with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), the authors examined the impact of IUGR on GI tract in newborn IUGR rats induced by two methods, (1) maternal starvating from the 1st day (S1) or the 17th day (S17) of gestation until spontaneous delivery, and (2) uterine arteries ligation (UAL) on the 17th day of gestation. The tissue sections of GI were analysed using a computerized image analyzer. The results showed that the absolute values for GI tissues weight, relative values for GI tissue weight per unit body weights, absolute values for intestinal lengths, intestinal diameters, GI mucosa and relative values for GI mucosal volumes and absorptive area were significantly reduced in IUGR rats. The GI tissue weights, lengths, mucosal volumes and absorptive area were significantly higher in S17 IUGR rats than in UAL rats. Taken all IUGR rats as a whole, GI tissue weights correlated with body weights, but not with body lengths, while the absolute and relative values for intestinal lengths and relative GI tissue weights correlated with body lengths, but not with body weights. These results demonstrate that the late occured IUGR or the obviously decreased placenta uterus perfusion predicts relatively severe GI damage in similarly somatically developed newborn IUGR rats, whose body lengths suggest the extent of the impairment of the GI more sensitively than their body weights do.