影响肝硬化患者低钠血症的因素分析

目的 分析肝硬化患者并发低钠血症的影响因素,为临床防治肝硬化患者的低钠血症提供指导意见.方法 选取2013年1月至2015年12月期间本院收治的200例肝硬化患者作为研究对象,对患者的临床资料进行回顾性研究分析,根据患者是否发生低钠血症,将患者分为低钠血症组、正常组,对其各项资料进行比较,对导致肝硬化患者并发低钠血症的影响因素进行单因素、多因素Logistics回归分析.结果 单因素分析中,低钠血症组与正常组的年龄≥60岁例数(56比37)、过度利尿例数(42比29)、恶心呕吐例数(17比9)、低钠饮食例数(34比21)、过度限水例数(38比24)、过量排腹水例数(33比24)、胃肠道炎症例数(21比13)、腹腔感染例数(26比16)、大剂量应用泻药例数(19比11)比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);经多因素Logistics回归分析,导致肝硬化患者并发低钠血症的影响因素为年龄、过度利尿、恶心呕吐、低钠饮食、过度限水、过量排腹水、胃肠道炎症、腹腔感染、大剂量应用泻药等.结论 肝硬化患者容易并发低钠血症,护理人员应针对肝硬化患者并发低钠血症的相关因素实施有针对性的护理干预措施,以纠正血钠水平,减少低钠血症的发生.

Analysis of the factors affecting hyponatremia in patients with liver cirrhosis

Objective To analyze the influencing factors ofhyponatremia in patients with liver cirrhosis,and to provide guidance for clinical prevention and treatment of hyponatremia in patients with liver cirrhosis.Methods 200 cases of liver cirrhosis in our hospital from January 2013 to December 2015 were selected as the research object,the clinical data of patients were retrospectively analyzed,the patients were divided into hyponatremia group and normal group according to whether there was hyponatremia or not.Compared the clinical data,analyzed the factors affecting hyponatremia in patients with liver cirrhosis with univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis.Results Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the number of cases of age more than 60 years old,excessive diuresis,nausea and vomiting,low sodium diet,excessive limit water,excessive exhaust ascites,gastrointestinal inflammation,abdominal infection,large dose of laxative between hyponatremia group and normal group (56 vs.37,42 vs.29,17 vs.9,34 vs.21,38 vs.24,33 vs.24,21 vs.13,26 vs.16,19 vs.11;P＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of hyponatremia in patients with liver cirrhosis were age,excessive diuresis,nausea and vomiting,low sodium diet,excessive limit water,excessive exhaust ascites,gastrointestinal inflammation,abdominal infection,large dose of laxative.Conclusion Patients with cirrhosis were easily complicated with hyponatremia,nursing staff should implement targeted nursing intervention measures according to the influencing factors of hyponatremia in patients with liver cirrhosis,to correct the blood sodium level and reduce the incidence of hyponatremia.