高尿酸血症/痛风流行病学特点及危险因素

高尿酸血症/痛风的患病率逐年攀升,呈现高流行、年轻化、男性高于女性、沿海高于内地的流行趋势.肥胖、高血压、高血脂、高血糖等与高尿酸血症/痛风的发生、发展密切相关.小剂量阿司匹林、袢利尿剂和噻嗪类利尿剂等药物亦可促进血清尿酸水平的升高.高尿酸血症是2型糖尿病、高血压、动脉粥样硬化、心血管事件、脑卒中和慢性肾脏病等疾病的独立危险因素,是痛风发作的最主要生化基础和最直接病因.对于高尿酸血症/痛风患者,应强调早期发现和早期治疗.

Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of hyperuricemia/gout

The morbidity of hyperuricemia/gout increases gradually,which is characterized as hyperendemic,younger in age,higher male morbidity and higher morbidity in coastal areas.Obesity,hypertention,hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia are closely related to the development and progression of hyperuricemia/gout.Low dose of aspirin,loop diuretics and thiazide diuretics all contribute to the increase of serum uric acid.Hyperuricemia is an independent risk factor for type 2 diabetes,hypertention,atherosclerosis,cardiovascular events,cerebral stroke and chronic kidney disease.Hyperuricemia is also the major biochemical basis and direct cause of gout attack.So the importance of early detection and early treatment should be emphasized for hyperuricemia/gout patients.