MKK4 and metastasis suppression: a marriage of signal transduction and metastasis research |
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| Authors: | Robinson Victoria L Hickson Jonathan A Vander Griend Donald J Dubauskas Zita Rinker-Schaeffer Carrie W |
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| Affiliation: | (1) Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago (The Committee on Cancer Biology), University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA;(2) Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago, USA;(3) Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Markey Molecular Medicine Program), University of Chicago, Illinois;(4) Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA |
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| Abstract: | MAP kinase kinase 4 (MKK4) is a member of the stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) signaling cascade and is involved in the regulation of many cellular processes. We have recently demonstrated a functional role for MKK4 in the suppression of metastases. In this review, we discuss the established cellular and biochemical functions of MKK4, as well as a new function for MKK4 as a metastasis suppressor gene. Because of the importance of signaling studies to this translational work, a detailed example of the strategy and tools that can be employed to define the biochemical mechanism of MKK4-mediated metastasis suppression is presented. Finally, the potential therapeutic utility of these findings is discussed. |
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| Keywords: | MKK4 metastasis suppressor gene metastatic colonization signal transduction |
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