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Association of tumour necrosis factor‐α gene (T‐1031C,C‐863A,and C‐857T) polymorphisms with bladder cancer susceptibility and outcome after bacille Calmette‐Guérin immunotherapy
Authors:Dinesh K. Ahirwar  Anil Mandhani  Anand Dharaskar  Pravin Kesarwani  Rama D. Mittal
Affiliation:Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Abstract:

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the association of tumour necrosis factor‐α gene (TNF‐α) polymorphisms T‐1031C, C‐863A, and C‐857T with bladder cancer risk and recurrence after bacille Calmette‐Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy, as TNF‐α regulates inflammatory process influencing bladder cancer susceptibility and outcome of BCG immunotherapy.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

In all, 220 patients with bladder cancer and 206 controls were recruited. Genotyping was done using allele specific‐polymerase chain reaction.

RESULTS

A T‐1031C, CC genotype and haplotype ?1031C/?863C/?857T showed enhanced susceptibility to bladder cancer, with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.23 and 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.17–4.26; and an OR of 6.05 and 95%CI of 2.46–14.90, respectively. A T‐1031C, CC genotype had a reduced risk of recurrence after BCG treatment (hazard ratio 0.38, 95%CI 0.14–0.98).

CONCLUSION

The present data suggests that T‐1031C (CC) genotype and C/C/T haplotype may confer risk for bladder cancer, moreover T‐1031C (CC) decreased the risk of recurrence after BCG immunotherapy.
Keywords:bacille Calmette‐Gué  rin  polymerase chain reaction (PCR)  polymorphism  recurrence  TNF‐α    bladder cancer
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